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Original Research

Selective Class I Histone Deacetylase Inhibition Suppresses Hypoxia-Induced Cardiopulmonary Remodeling Through an Antiproliferative Mechanism

Maria A. Cavasin, Kim Demos-Davies, Todd R. Horn, Lori A. Walker, Douglas D. Lemon, Nicholas Birdsey, Mary C.M. Weiser-Evans, Jules Harral, David C. Irwin, Adil Anwar, Michael E. Yeager, Min Li, Peter A. Watson, Raphael A. Nemenoff, Peter M. Buttrick, Kurt R. Stenmark, Timothy A. McKinsey
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https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.111.258426
Circulation Research. 2012;CIRCRESAHA.111.258426
Originally published January 26, 2012
Maria A. Cavasin
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Kim Demos-Davies
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Todd R. Horn
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Lori A. Walker
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Douglas D. Lemon
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Nicholas Birdsey
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Mary C.M. Weiser-Evans
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Jules Harral
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David C. Irwin
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Adil Anwar
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Michael E. Yeager
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Min Li
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Peter A. Watson
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Raphael A. Nemenoff
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Peter M. Buttrick
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Kurt R. Stenmark
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Timothy A. McKinsey
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Abstract

Rationale: Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors are efficacious in models of hypertension-induced left ventricular heart failure. The consequences of HDAC inhibition in the context of pulmonary hypertension with associated right ventricular cardiac remodeling are poorly understood.

Objective: This study was performed to assess the utility of selective small-molecule inhibitors of class I HDACs in a preclinical model of pulmonary hypertension.

Methods and Results: Rats were exposed to hypobaric hypoxia for 3 weeks in the absence or presence of a benzamide HDAC inhibitor, MGCD0103, which selectively inhibits class I HDACs 1, 2, and 3. The compound reduced pulmonary arterial pressure more dramatically than tadalafil, a standard-of-care therapy for human pulmonary hypertension that functions as a vasodilator. MGCD0103 improved pulmonary artery acceleration time and reduced systolic notching of the pulmonary artery flow envelope, which suggests a positive impact of the HDAC inhibitor on pulmonary vascular remodeling and stiffening. Similar results were obtained with an independent class I HDAC-selective inhibitor, MS-275. Reduced pulmonary arterial pressure in MGCD0103-treated animals was associated with blunted pulmonary arterial wall thickening because of suppression of smooth muscle cell proliferation. right ventricular function was maintained in MGCD0103-treated animals. Although the class I HDAC inhibitor only modestly reduced right ventricular hypertrophy, it had multiple beneficial effects on the right ventricle, which included suppression of pathological gene expression, inhibition of proapoptotic caspase activity, and repression of proinflammatory protein expression.

Conclusions: By targeting distinct pathogenic mechanisms, isoform-selective HDAC inhibitors have potential as novel therapeutics for pulmonary hypertension that will complement vasodilator standards of care.

  • histone deacetylase
  • pulmonary hypertension
  • proliferation
  • gene expression
  • signaling pathways
  • Received October 8, 2011.
  • Revision received January 11, 2012.
  • Accepted January 18, 2012.
  • © 2012 American Heart Association, Inc.
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    Selective Class I Histone Deacetylase Inhibition Suppresses Hypoxia-Induced Cardiopulmonary Remodeling Through an Antiproliferative Mechanism
    Maria A. Cavasin, Kim Demos-Davies, Todd R. Horn, Lori A. Walker, Douglas D. Lemon, Nicholas Birdsey, Mary C.M. Weiser-Evans, Jules Harral, David C. Irwin, Adil Anwar, Michael E. Yeager, Min Li, Peter A. Watson, Raphael A. Nemenoff, Peter M. Buttrick, Kurt R. Stenmark and Timothy A. McKinsey
    Circulation Research. 2012;CIRCRESAHA.111.258426, originally published January 26, 2012
    https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.111.258426

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    Selective Class I Histone Deacetylase Inhibition Suppresses Hypoxia-Induced Cardiopulmonary Remodeling Through an Antiproliferative Mechanism
    Maria A. Cavasin, Kim Demos-Davies, Todd R. Horn, Lori A. Walker, Douglas D. Lemon, Nicholas Birdsey, Mary C.M. Weiser-Evans, Jules Harral, David C. Irwin, Adil Anwar, Michael E. Yeager, Min Li, Peter A. Watson, Raphael A. Nemenoff, Peter M. Buttrick, Kurt R. Stenmark and Timothy A. McKinsey
    Circulation Research. 2012;CIRCRESAHA.111.258426, originally published January 26, 2012
    https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.111.258426
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