Abstract P017: Plasmonic Photothermal Therapy of Atherosclerosis with the Use of Silica-Gold Nanoparticles and Mesenchymal Stem Cells Versus Ferromagnetic Approach

Abstract

Background. Some modern angioplasty techniques generally just manipulate the form of the plaque and have some clinical and technical restrictions, relatively high complication rate and restenosis risk.

Methods. A total of 101 Yucatan miniature swines were assigned to the three groups (34 pigs into 60/15–70/40 nm silica-gold nanoparticles (NPs) nanogroup, 34 swines - into ferro-magnetic group with 100 nm NPs with delivery in hand of magnetic fields, and 33 - in sirolimus stenting control). Animals in nanogroup were split up to 4 subsets by delivery approach: 1) infused circulating progenitor cells; 2) with infused ultrasound-mediated albumin-coated gas-filled microbubbles; 3) CD73+CD105+ progenitor cells in the composition of bioengineered on-artery patch; 4) CD73+CD105+ progenitor cells transplanted by manual subadventitial injection.

Results. A change of the PV (mm3) immediately after the laser irradiation/ in 6 months in groups were −28.9/ −56.8%, −30.8/ −59.1% and 0/ +4.3% (p<0.01) respectively, and in the subsets in 6 mns reached −54.5/ −45.9/ −74.7/ −61.8% (p<0.05) respectively. Some cases of atherothrombosis (3 cases in S2 subset) and distal embolism (8/34, 23.5% in nanogroup, 2/33, 6% in control) were revealed while first 4 weeks. Restenosis confirmed in 3 (9%) swines of stenting group only. An impact over the non-organic part of the plaque was predominated in nanogroup (−43.4% vs −12.1% and +3.7% respectively, p<0.005). Coronary flow-mediated vasodilation was observed after hyperemia and injection of nitroglycerine (+10.2 and +16.6%, +8.2 and +9.6%, +8.1 and +9.8% in groups respectively, p<0.05). The highest level of the infiltration with NPs was achieved in the liver that equal to 612 units per cm3 without signs of fibrosis or allergic responses. There were 344, 201 and 99 units per cm3 in the heart, brain, and lungs respectively without any morphological dynamics.

Conclusion. Nanoburning is the novel promising technique to demolish and melt the plaque especially in combination with stem cell technologies challenging functional restoration of the vessel. Plasmonics is the high-effective and safe alternative to stenting for angioplasty.