Published online before print October 18, 2007, doi: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.107.162206
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Submitted on August 17, 2007
Revised on October 2, 2007
Accepted on October 4, 2007
Isl1 Expression at the Venous Pole Identifies a Novel Role for the Second Heart Field in Cardiac Development
Brian S. Snarr ;
From the Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy (B.S.S., J.L.O., M.R.C., E.E.W., A.L.P., S.W.K., A.W.) Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; and the Department of Pediatrics (S.W.K., A.W.), Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston.
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: wesselsa{at}musc.edu.
The right ventricle and outflow tract of the developing heart are derived from mesodermal progenitor cells from the second heart field (SHF). SHF cells have been characterized by expression of the transcription factor Islet-1 (Isl1). Although Isl1 expression has also been reported in the venous pole, the specific contribution of the SHF to this part of the heart is unknown. Here we show that Isl1 is strongly expressed in the dorsal mesenchymal protrusion (DMP), a non–endocardially-derived mesenchymal structure involved in atrioventricular septation. We further demonstrate that abnormal development of the SHF-derived DMP is associated with the pathogenesis of atrioventricular septal defects. These results identify a novel role for the SHF.
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