doi: 10.1161/01.RES.0000204727.46710.5e
© 2006 American Heart Association, Inc.
Reviews |
Regulation of NADPH Oxidases
The Role of Rac Proteins
From the Department Molecular Cell Biology, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Correspondence to Peter L. Hordijk, Department Molecular Cell Biology, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Plesmanlaan 125, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands. E-mail p.hordijk{at}sanquin.nl
This Review is part of a thematic series on The Role of Small GTPases in Cardiovascular Biology, which includes the following articles:
Rho GTPases, Statins and NO: The Role of Small GTPases in Endothelial Cytoskeletal Dynamics and the Sheer Stress Response
Rho Kinases in Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology
Regulation of NADPH Oxidases: The Role of Rac Proteins
Rho GTPases and Signaling by Endothelial Receptors
The Rac and Rho Hall of Fame: A Decade of Hypertrophic Signaling Hits
Anne Ridley Guest Editor
The role for reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cellular (patho)physiology, in particular in signal transduction, is increasingly recognized. The family of NADPH oxidases (NOXes) plays an important role in the production of ROS in response to receptor agonists such as growth factors or inflammatory cytokines that signal through the Rho-like small GTPases Rac1 or Rac2. The phagocyte oxidase (gp91phox/NOX2) is the best characterized family member, and its mode of activation is relatively well understood. Recent work has uncovered novel and increasingly complex modes of control of the NOX2-related proteins. Some of these, including NOX2, have been implicated in various aspects of (cardio)vascular disease, including vascular smooth muscle and endothelial cell hypertrophy and proliferation, inflammation, and atherosclerosis. This review focuses on the role of the Rac1 and Rac2 GTPases in the activation of the various NOX family members.
Key Words: NADPH oxidase • Rac1 • reactive oxygen species
This article has been cited by other articles:
 |
|
 |
|
  D. Meng, D.-D. Lv, and J. Fang Insulin-like growth factor-I induces reactive oxygen species production and cell migration through Nox4 and Rac1 in vascular smooth muscle cells Cardiovasc Res, July 7, 2008; (2008) cvn173v2. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Al-Shabrawey, M. Rojas, T. Sanders, A. Behzadian, A. El-Remessy, M. Bartoli, A. K. Parpia, G. Liou, and R. B. Caldwell Role of NADPH Oxidase in Retinal Vascular Inflammation Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., July 1, 2008; 49(7): 3239 - 3244. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. R. Mumbengegwi, Q. Li, C. Li, C. E. Bear, and J. F. Engelhardt Evidence for a Superoxide Permeability Pathway in Endosomal Membranes Mol. Cell. Biol., June 1, 2008; 28(11): 3700 - 3712. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. B. Friis, K. G. Vorum, and I. H. Lambert Volume-sensitive NADPH oxidase activity and taurine efflux in NIH3T3 mouse fibroblasts Am J Physiol Cell Physiol, June 1, 2008; 294(6): C1552 - C1565. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. J. P. Deudero, C. Caramelo, M. C. Castellanos, F. Neria, R. Fernandez-Sanchez, O. Calabia, S. Penate, and F. R. Gonzalez-Pacheco Induction of Hypoxia-inducible Factor 1{alpha} Gene Expression by Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor J. Biol. Chem., April 25, 2008; 283(17): 11435 - 11444. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. Jin, R. M. Ray, and L. R. Johnson TNF-{alpha}/cycloheximide-induced apoptosis in intestinal epithelial cells requires Rac1-regulated reactive oxygen species Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol, April 1, 2008; 294(4): G928 - G937. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. C. Simeone-Penney, M. Severgnini, L. Rozo, S. Takahashi, B. H. Cochran, and A. R. Simon PDGF-induced human airway smooth muscle cell proliferation requires STAT3 and the small GTPase Rac1 Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, April 1, 2008; 294(4): L698 - L704. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. T. Baumer, H. ten Freyhaus, H. Sauer, M. Wartenberg, K. Kappert, P. Schnabel, C. Konkol, J. Hescheler, M. Vantler, and S. Rosenkranz Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase-dependent Membrane Recruitment of Rac-1 and p47phox Is Critical for {alpha}-Platelet-derived Growth Factor Receptor-induced Production of Reactive Oxygen Species J. Biol. Chem., March 21, 2008; 283(12): 7864 - 7876. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 F. Iwashima, T. Yoshimoto, I. Minami, M. Sakurada, Y. Hirono, and Y. Hirata Aldosterone Induces Superoxide Generation via Rac1 Activation in Endothelial Cells Endocrinology, March 1, 2008; 149(3): 1009 - 1014. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K. Singh, P. J. Kang, and H.-O. Park The Rho5 GTPase is necessary for oxidant-induced cell death in budding yeast PNAS, February 5, 2008; 105(5): 1522 - 1527. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. M. Carlin, A. J. Peacock, and D. J. Welsh Fluvastatin Inhibits Hypoxic Proliferation and p38 MAPK Activity in Pulmonary Artery Fibroblasts Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol., October 1, 2007; 37(4): 447 - 456. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
W. Wu, O. Platoshyn, A. L. Firth, and J. X.-J. Yuan Hypoxia divergently regulates production of reactive oxygen species in human pulmonary and coronary artery smooth muscle cells Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, October 1, 2007; 293(4): L952 - L959. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. Dentelli, A. Rosso, A. Zeoli, R. Gambino, L. Pegoraro, G. Pagano, R. Falcioni, and M. F. Brizzi Oxidative Stress-mediated Mesangial Cell Proliferation Requires RAC-1/Reactive Oxygen Species Production and beta4 Integrin Expression J. Biol. Chem., September 7, 2007; 282(36): 26101 - 26110. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. V. Usatyuk, L. H. Romer, D. He, N. L. Parinandi, M. E. Kleinberg, S. Zhan, J. R. Jacobson, S. M. Dudek, S. Pendyala, J. G. N. Garcia, et al. Regulation of Hyperoxia-induced NADPH Oxidase Activation in Human Lung Endothelial Cells by the Actin Cytoskeleton and Cortactin J. Biol. Chem., August 10, 2007; 282(32): 23284 - 23295. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Y. Yu, Z.-H. Zhang, S.-G. Wei, Y. Chu, R. M. Weiss, D. D. Heistad, and R. B. Felder Central Gene Transfer of Interleukin-10 Reduces Hypothalamic Inflammation and Evidence of Heart Failure in Rats After Myocardial Infarction Circ. Res., August 3, 2007; 101(3): 304 - 312. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K. Schroder, I. Helmcke, K. Palfi, K.-H. Krause, R. Busse, and R. P. Brandes Nox1 Mediates Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor-Induced Migration of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., August 1, 2007; 27(8): 1736 - 1743. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Ryu, C. W. Lee, J.-A. Shin, C.-S. Park, J. J. Kim, S.-J. Park, and K. H. Han Fc{gamma}RIIa mediates C-reactive protein-induced inflammatory responses of human vascular smooth muscle cells by activating NADPH oxidase 4 Cardiovasc Res, August 1, 2007; 75(3): 555 - 565. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. B. Kopnin, L. S. Agapova, B. P. Kopnin, and P. M. Chumakov Repression of Sestrin Family Genes Contributes to Oncogenic Ras-Induced Reactive Oxygen Species Up-regulation and Genetic Instability Cancer Res., May 15, 2007; 67(10): 4671 - 4678. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
X. Chen, T. D. Abair, M. R. Ibanez, Y. Su, M. R. Frey, R. S. Dise, D. B. Polk, A. B. Singh, R. C. Harris, R. Zent, et al. Integrin {alpha}1{beta}1 Controls Reactive Oxygen Species Synthesis by Negatively Regulating Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-Mediated Rac Activation Mol. Cell. Biol., May 1, 2007; 27(9): 3313 - 3326. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. Brault, F. Gobeil Jr., A. Fortier, J.-C. Honore, J.-S. Joyal, P. S. Sapieha, A. Kooli, E. Martin, P. Hardy, A. Ribeiro-da-Silva, et al. Lysophosphatidic acid induces endothelial cell death by modulating the redox environment Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, March 1, 2007; 292(3): R1174 - R1183. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. B. Lee, I. H. Bae, Y. S. Bae, and H.-D. Um Link between Mitochondria and NADPH Oxidase 1 Isozyme for the Sustained Production of Reactive Oxygen Species and Cell Death J. Biol. Chem., November 24, 2006; 281(47): 36228 - 36235. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 G. Wang, J. Anrather, M. J. Glass, M. J. Tarsitano, P. Zhou, K. A. Frys, V. M. Pickel, and C. Iadecola Nox2, Ca2+, and Protein Kinase C Play a Role in Angiotensin II-Induced Free Radical Production in Nucleus Tractus Solitarius Hypertension, September 1, 2006; 48(3): 482 - 489. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|