doi: 10.1161/01.RES.0000196867.12470.84
© 2006 American Heart Association, Inc.
Reviews |
Small-Diameter Artificial Arteries Engineered In Vitro
From the Departments of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science (B.C.I., R.T.T.) and Biomedical Engineering (C.W., R.T.T.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis. Current address for B.C.I.: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Mass. Current address for C.W.: Bose Corporation, EnduraTEC Systems Group, Minnetonka, Minn.
Correspondence to Robert T. Tranquillo, PhD, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Hasselmo Hall, Suite 7-114, 312 Church St, Minneapolis, MN 55455. E-mail tranquillo{at}cems.umn.edu
This Review is part of a thematic series on Cardiovascular Tissue Engineering, which includes the following articles:
Custom Design of the Cardiac Microenvironment With Biomaterials
Heart Valve Tissue Engineering
Engineering Myocardial Tissue
Small-Diameter Artificial Arteries Engineered In Vitro
Regenerative Cardiomyocytes for Cardiovascular Tissue Engineering
Richard T. Lee Guest Editor
Although the need for a functional arterial replacement is clear, the lower blood flow velocities of small-diameter arteries like the coronary artery have led to the failure of synthetic materials that are successful for large-diameter grafts. Although autologous vessels remain the standard for small diameter grafts, many patients do not have a vessel suitable for use because of vascular disease, amputation, or previous harvest. As a result, tissue engineering has emerged as a promising approach to address the shortcomings of current therapies. Investigators have explored the use of arterial tissue cells or differentiated stem cells combined with various types of natural and synthetic scaffolds to make tubular constructs and subject them to chemical and/or mechanical stimulation in an attempt to develop a functional small-diameter arterial replacement graft with varying degrees of success. Here, we review the progress in all these major facets of the field.
Key Words: tissue engineering • artery • collagen • elastin • vascular graft
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