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Circulation Research. 2003;92:485-492
Published online before print February 13, 2003, doi: 10.1161/01.RES.0000061572.10929.2D
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(Circulation Research. 2003;92:485.)
© 2003 American Heart Association, Inc.


Molecular Medicine

Mast Cell–Mediated Stimulation of Angiogenesis

Cooperative Interaction Between A2B and A3 Adenosine Receptors

Igor Feoktistov, Sergey Ryzhov, Anna E. Goldstein, Italo Biaggioni

From the Divisions of Cardiovascular Medicine (I.F., A.E.G.) and Clinical Pharmacology (S.R., I.B.), Departments of Medicine (I.F., S.R., A.E.G., I.B.) and Pharmacology (I.F., I.B.), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tenn.

Correspondence to Igor Feoktistov, PhD, 360 PRB, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232-6300. E-mail igor.feoktistov{at}mcmail.vanderbilt.edu

Adenosine is released during tissue injury, ischemia and tumor growth, and promotes angiogenesis. Because mast cells accumulate in the proximity of new blood vessel development, we examined if they may contribute to adenosine-induced angiogenesis. We found that HMC-1 human mast cells express A2A, A2B, and A3 adenosine receptors. The adenosine agonist NECA (100 µmol/L) increased interleukin-8 (IL-8), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and angiopoietin-2 mRNA expression. NECA-induced secretion of IL-8 and VEGF was verified by ELISA. A2B receptors mediate VEGF and IL-8 secretion because neither CGS21680 (selective A2A agonist) nor IB-MECA (selective A3 agonist) produced this effect, and it was inhibited by the selective A2B antagonist IPDX but not by the selective A2A antagonist SCH58261 or the selective A3 antagonist MRS1191. In contrast, the selective A3 agonist IB-MECA (EC50 1 nmol/L) stimulated angiopoietin-2 expression. Conditioned media from NECA-activated HMC-1 stimulated human umbilical vein endothelial cell proliferation and migration, and induced capillary tube formation. Capillary formation induced by mast cell–conditioned media was maximal if both HMC-1 A2B and A3 receptors were activated, whereas activation of A2B receptor alone was less effective. Thus, adenosine A2B and A3 receptors act in a functional cooperative fashion to promote angiogenesis by a paracrine mechanism involving the differential expression and secretion of angiogenic factors from human mast cells.


Key Words: adenosine receptors • mast cells • angiogenesis • angiopoietin-2 • vascular endothelial growth factor




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