© 2000 American Heart Association, Inc.
Cellular Biology |
Contribution of Monocytes/Macrophages to Compensatory Neovascularization
The Drilling of Metalloelastase-Positive Tunnels in Ischemic Myocardium
From the Heart and Lung Institute and the Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine (N.I.M., P.J.G.-C.), and Neurobiotechnology Center (P.E.K, J.P.-T.), College of Medicine and Public Health, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, and the Department of Pediatrics (S.D.S), Washington University School of Medicine, Barnes-Jewish Hospital, St. Louis, Mo.
Correspondence to Nicanor I. Moldovan, PhD, Heart and Lung Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine and Public Health, The Ohio State University, Medical Research Facility, Room 546, 420 W 12th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210. E-mail moldovan-1{at}medctr.osu.edu Pascal J. Goldschmidt-Clermont, MD, Duke University Medical Center, Box 3845, Durham, NC 27710.
Abstract—In a transgenic model of ischemic cardiomyopathy in which monocytes are attracted to the myocardium by the targeted overexpression of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), we have observed the presence of endothelial NO synthase and platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1–negative tunnels, occasionally containing blood-derived cells, that probe the cardiac tissue. Immunohistochemical data show that monocytes/macrophages (MCs/Mphs) drill tunnels using the broad-spectrum mouse macrophage metalloelastase. 5-Bromo-2'-deoxyuridine incorporation and neo-endothelial markers present in the microvasculature of MCP-1 mouse hearts suggest an active angiogenic process. Further studies will be required to establish that the MC-/Mph-drilled tunnels evolve to become capillaries, connected to the existing vessels and colonized by circulating endothelial cell progenitors. This possibility is supported by the availability of these cells, which is demonstrated by cell tagging with ß-galactosidase placed under an active endothelial Tie-2 promoter. This phenomenon might represent another mechanism, in addition to the secretion of the angiogenic factors, by which MCs/MPhs may participate in the elaboration of new blood vessels in adult tissues.
Key Words: monocytes • metalloelastase • angiogenesis • ischemic heart disease
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