© 1999 American Heart Association, Inc.
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Cosegregation Analysis in Genetic Crosses Suggests a Protective Role for Atrial Natriuretic Factor Against Ventricular Hypertrophy
From the Neurobiology and Vasoactive Peptides Laboratory, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montréal, Québec, Canada.
Correspondence to Christian Deschepper, MD, Neurobiology and Vasoactive Peptides, Clinical Research Institute of Montreal (IRCM), 110 Pine Ave West, Montréal, Québec, Canada, H2W 1R7. E-mail deschec{at}ircm.qc.ca
Abstract—In most rat models studied to date, increased ventricular mass is associated with high ventricular expression of the atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) gene. However, it is unknown whether ANF plays a beneficial or detrimental role in the course of left ventricular hypertrophy or whether ANF gene expression could be genetically linked to cardiac mass. To address such questions, we performed a cosegregation analysis in genetic crosses of inbred strains of rats. To select strains with the appropriate phenotypic characteristics, we first compared the ventricular abundance of ANF mRNA to ventricular mass (corrected for body weight) in 2 recombinant inbred strains derived from Wistar-Kyoto (WKY)/spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) hybrid crosses, ie, WKY-derived hyperactive (WKHA) and WKY-derived hypertensive (WKHT) rats, as well as in their parental inbred strains. In the 2 such strains that were normotensive, we observed that ventricular mass was higher in WKHA than in WKY rats, yet ventricular ANF mRNA was less abundant in WKHA than in WKY rats. Within a segregating population of F2 animals generated from a cross between WKY and WKHA genitors, the abundance of ventricular ANF mRNA and peptide correlated inversely with left ventricular mass, in contrast to the positive correlation observed with ß-myosin heavy chain mRNA. Finally, in the equally hypertensive SHR and WKHT strains, we found that ventricular mass was higher in SHR than in WKHT, yet ventricular ANF mRNA was less abundant in SHR than in WKHT. These results demonstrate for the first time that low ventricular ANF gene expression can be linked genetically to high cardiac mass independently of blood pressure and are consistent with a protective role for ANF against left ventricular hypertrophy.
Key Words: hypertrophy, left ventricular • atrial natriuretic factor • rat, inbred strain • model, genetic • gene expression
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