© 1998 American Heart Association, Inc.
Original Contributions |
Endogenous Interleukin-10 Regulates Hemodynamic Parameters, Leukocyte-Endothelial Cell Interactions, and Microvascular Permeability During Endotoxemia
From the Immunology Research Group, Health Sciences Centre, University of Calgary (M.J.H., P.H.R., P.K.), Calgary, Alberta; Departments of Pediatrics and Microbiology-Immunology, Dalhousie University (A.C.I.), Halifax, Nova Scotia; and Division of Gastroenterology, University of Alberta (R.N.F.), Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
Correspondence to Dr Paul Kubes, Health Sciences Centre, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Dr NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada. E-mail pkubes{at}acs.ucalgary.ca
Abstract—The objective of this study was to determine whether endogenous IL-10 is capable of regulating hemodynamic parameters, leukocyte recruitment, and microvascular permeability in response to endotoxin. Intravital microscopy was used to examine hemodynamic parameters, leukocyte rolling and adhesion, and microvascular permeability in cremasteric postcapillary venules in wild-type mice and in IL-10–deficient (IL-10-/-) mice exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Doses of LPS (3 or 30 µg/kg, IV), which did not reduce blood pressure and minimally altered microvascular hemodynamic factors in wild-type mice, caused significant reductions in these parameters in IL-10-/- mice, demonstrating at least a 10-fold increased sensitivity in IL-10-/- mice to LPS-induced hemodynamic alterations. Furthermore, in response to LPS (30 µg/kg, IV), leukocyte rolling, adhesion, and fluorescein isothiocyanate–albumin extravasation were increased in the IL-10-/- mice. Antibody blockade experiments showed that in both types of mice, leukocyte rolling was mediated by E-selectin and P-selectin. Leukocyte accumulation into other tissues, such as lung, also was enhanced greatly in IL-10-/- mice. This was specific to endotoxin, because acute chemotactic stimuli including N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine elicited similar responses in IL-10-/- and wild-type mice. These results suggest that endogenous IL-10 may be a homeostatic regulator of hemodynamic parameters, leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions, and microvascular dysfunction in response to endotoxin and provide potential mechanisms to explain the protective effect of IL-10 against LPS-induced mortality.
Key Words: selectin • adhesion • microvascular permeability • endotoxin
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