© 1995 American Heart Association, Inc.
Articles |
Diversification of Cardiomyogenic Cell Lineages During Early Heart Development
From the Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Cornell University Medical College, New York, NY.
Correspondence to Dr David Bader, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, MRBII, Nashville, TN 37232.
Key Words: cardiac myogenesis • myogenic diversification • embryogenesis
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Introduction |
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The vertebrate heart is composed of a limited number of well-characterized cell types and therefore is an excellent system in which to study lineage-determination events and organogenesis. The diversification of atrial and ventricular myogenic lineages is evident in the morphology, physiology, and molecular composition of the fully formed heart and is essential to the circulatory and endocrine functions of the heart. Recent work from our laboratory and others has examined the origins of the atrial and ventricular myocyte cell lineages from the earliest stages of development. These studies have addressed where these lineages arise in the early vertebrate embryo, when diversified cell lineages are first evident in the primitive heart, and what mechanisms result in the separation of these lineages. Much of the information regarding myocyte lineage diversification has been obtained by study of the early chicken embryo because of its accessibility and potential for embryological manipulation. Additional studies in the mouse, frog, and zebra fish have significantly advanced our knowledge of early vertebrate cardiogenesis. Taken together, these studies demonstrated that the separation of atrial and ventricular myogenic lineages occurs before heart chamber formation and that the determination of these lineages is primarily based on the anteroposterior polarity of the heart progenitors in the very early embryo. In the present communication, we review the origins of the lineages and molecular events involved in generating atrial and ventricular myocyte populations.
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Where Are Atrial and Ventricular Precursors Located? |
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The chicken has been used as a model system in which to study the organogenesis of the heart in vertebrates.1 Fate-mapping
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