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(Circulation Research. 2008;103:454.)
© 2008 American Heart Association, Inc.

Review

Chemokines and Transplant Vasculopathy

John A Belperio, Abbas Ardehali

From the Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine (J.A.B.), Department of Medicine, and Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery (A.A.), Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles.

Correspondence to Abbas Ardehali, MD, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, 62-186 CHS, UCLA Medical Center, 10833 Le Conte Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90095. E-mail aardehali{at}mednet.ucla.edu

This Review is part of a thematic series on Transplant Vasculopathy, which includes the following articles:

Allograft Vasculopathy Versus Atherosclerosis (2006;99:801–815)

Antibody and Complement in Transplant Vasculopathy (2007;100:191–203)

Interferon- Axis in Graft Arteriosclerosis (2007;100:622–632)

Vascular Remodeling in Transplant Vasculopathy (2007;100:967–978)

Stem Cells and Transplant Arteriosclerosis (2008;102:1011–1024)

Chemokines and Transplant Vasculopathy
William Baldwin and Jordan Pober Guest Editors

Transplant vasculopathy (TV) remains the leading cause of late death among heart transplant recipients. Transplant vasculopathy is characterized by progressive neointimal proliferation, leading to ischemic failure of the allograft. Multiple experimental and clinical studies have shown that injury to the graft at various stages of transplantation can be a risk factor for development of transplant vasculopathy. The hallmark of cardiac allograft injury is the infiltration of leukocytes. Recruitment of leukocytes requires intercellular communication between infiltrating cells, endothelium, parenchymal cells, and components of extracellular matrix. These events are mediated via the generation of adhesion molecules, cytokines, and chemokines. The chemokines, by virtue of their specific cell receptor expression, can selectively mediate the local recruitment/activation of distinct leukocytes/cells, allowing for migration across the endothelium and beyond the vascular compartment. This report provides a comprehensive review of the chemokines that participate in the development of transplant vasculopathy.

Key Words: chemokines • transplant vasculopathy