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(Circulation Research. 2007;100:174.)
© 2007 American Heart Association, Inc.

Reviews

Phenotypic Heterogeneity of the Endothelium

II. Representative Vascular Beds

William C. Aird

From the Division of Molecular and Vascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, and Center for Vascular Biology Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass.

Correspondence to William C. Aird, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, RW-663, Boston MA 02215. E-mail waird{at}bidmc.harvard.edu

Endothelial cells, which form the inner cellular lining of blood vessels and lymphatics, display remarkable heterogeneity in structure and function. This is the second of a 2-part review on the phenotypic heterogeneity of blood vessel endothelial cells. The first part discusses the scope, the underlying mechanisms, and the diagnostic and therapeutic implications of phenotypic heterogeneity. Here, these principles are applied to an understanding of organ-specific phenotypes in representative vascular beds including arteries and veins, heart, lung, liver, and kidney. The goal is to underscore the importance of site-specific properties of the endothelium in mediating homeostasis and focal vascular pathology, while at the same time emphasizing the value of approaching the endothelium as an integrated system.

Key Words: endothelium • endothelial cells • heterogeneity

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