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Submitted on July 3, 2003
Revised on May 17, 2005
Accepted on May 18, 2005
From the Department of Pharmacology and The Center of Lung and Vascular Biology, The University of Illinois, Chicago.
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: abmalik{at}uic.edu.
Angiopoietin-1 (Ang1) exerts a vascular endothelial barrier protective effect by blocking the action of permeability-increasing mediators such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) through unclear mechanisms. Because VEGF may signal endothelial hyperpermeability through the phospholipase C (PLC)-IP3 pathway that activates extracellular Ca2+ entry via the plasmalemmal store-operated channel transient receptor potential canonical-1 (TRPC1), we addressed the possibility that Ang1 acts by inhibiting this Ca2+ entry mechanism in endothelial cells. Studies in endothelial cell monolayers demonstrated that Ang1 inhibited the VEGF-induced Ca2+ influx and increase in endothelial permeability in a concentration-dependent manner. Inhibitors of the PLC-IP3 Ca2+ signaling pathway prevented the VEGF-induced Ca2+ influx and hyperpermeability similar to the inhibitory effects seen with Ang1. Ang1 had no effect on PLC phosphorylation and IP3 production, thus its permeability-decreasing effect could not be ascribed to inhibition of PLC activation. However, Ang1 interfered with downstream IP3-dependent plasmalemmal Ca2+ entry without affecting the release of intracellular Ca2+ stores. Anti-TRPC1 antibody inhibited the VEGF-induced Ca2+ entry and the increased endothelial permeability. TRPC1 overexpression in endothelial cells augmented the VEGF-induced Ca2+ entry, and application of Ang1 opposed this effect. In immunoprecipitation studies, Ang1 inhibited the association of IP3 receptor (IP3R) and TRPC1, consistent with the coupling hypothesis of Ca2+ entry. These results demonstrate that Ang1 blocks the TRPC1-dependent Ca2+ influx induced by VEGF by interfering with the interaction of IP3R with TRPC1, and thereby abrogates the increase in endothelial permeability.
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