Circulation Research. 2005
Published online before print March 10, 2005, doi: 10.1161/01.RES.0000162100.52009.38
Published online before print March 10, 2005, doi: 10.1161/01.RES.0000162100.52009.38
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Submitted on December 20, 2004
Revised on March 2, 2005
Accepted on March 2, 2005
SDF-1
/CXCR4 Axis Is Instrumental in Murine Neointimal Hyperplasia and Recruitment of Smooth Muscle Progenitor Cells
Alma Zernecke ;
From the Departments of Molecular Cardiovascular Research and Cardiology (A.Z., A.S., P.v.H., E.A.L., C.W.), University Hospital, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule, Aachen, Germany; Division of Biopharmaceutics (I.B., E.A.B.), Gorlaeus Laboratories, Leiden University, The Netherlands; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (B.M., P.G.), University of Ulm, Germany; and Physiology and Physiopathology Unit (M.M.), Pierre and Marie Curie University (PARIS 6), France.
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: cweber{at}ukaachen.de.
Recent evidence infers a contribution of smooth muscle cell (SMC) progenitors and stromal cell-derived factor (SDF)-1
to neointima formation after arterial injury. Inhibition of plaque area and SMC content in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice repopulated with LacZ+ or CXCR4-/- BM or lentiviral transfer of an antagonist reveals a crucial involvement of local SDF-1 and its receptor CXCR4 in neointimal hyperplasia via recruitment of BM-derived SMC progenitors. After arterial injury, SDF-1 expression in medial SMCs is preceded by apoptosis and inhibited by blocking caspase-dependent apoptosis. SDF-1 binds to platelets at the site of injury, triggers CXCR4- and P-selectin-dependent arrest of progenitor cells on injured arteries or matrix-adherent platelets, preferentially mobilizes and recruits c-kit-/platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR)-
+/lineage-/sca-1+ progenitors for neointimal SMCs without being required for their differentiation. Hence, the SDF-1/CXCR4 axis is pivotal for vascular remodeling by recruiting a subset of SMC progenitors in response to apoptosis and in concert with platelets, epitomizing its importance for tissue repair and identifying a prime target to limit lesion development.
Key words: chemokines • atherosclerosis • smooth muscle cells • progenitor cells • restenosis
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