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Circulation Research. 2003
Published online before print October 9, 2003, doi: 10.1161/01.RES.0000100367.45446.A3
A more recent version of this article appeared on October 31, 2003
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Submitted on June 11, 2003
Revised on September 3, 2003
Accepted on September 30, 2003

Cholesterol Depletion Impairs Vascular Reactivity to Endothelin-1 by Reducing Store-Operated Ca2+ Entry Dependent on TRPC1

Andreas Bergdahl ; Maria F. Gomez ; Karl Dreja ; Shang-Zhong Xu ; Mikael Adner ; David J. Beech ; Jonas Broman ; Per Hellstrand ; and Karl Swärd *

From the Department of Physiological Sciences (A.B., M.F.G., K.D., M.A., J.B., P.H., K.S.), Lund University, Sweden, and School of Biomedical Sciences (S.-Z.X., D.J.B.), University of Leeds, UK.

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: karl.sward{at}mphy.lu.se.

The reactivity of the vascular wall to endothelin-1 (ET-1) is influenced by cholesterol, which is of possible importance for the progression of atherosclerosis. To elucidate signaling steps affected, the cholesterol acceptor methyl-{beta}-cyclodextrin (m{beta}cd, 10 mmol/L) was used to manipulate membrane cholesterol and disrupt caveolae in intact rat arteries. In endothelium-denuded caudal artery, contractile responsiveness to 10 nmol/L ET-1 (mediated by the ETA receptor) was reduced by m{beta}cd and increased by cholesterol. Neither ligand binding nor colocalization of ETA and caveolin-1 was affected by m{beta}cd. Ca2+ inflow via store-operated channels after depletion of intracellular Ca2+ stores was reduced in m{beta}cd-treated caudal arteries, as shown by Mn2+ quench rate and intracellular [Ca2+] response. Expression of TRPC1, 3, and 6 was detected by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, and colocalization of TRPC1 with caveolin-1 was reduced by m{beta}cd, as seen by immunofluorescence. Part of the contractile response to ET-1 was inhibited by Ni2+ (0.5 mmol/L) and by a TRPC1 blocking antibody. In the basilar artery, exhibiting less store-operated channel activity than the caudal artery, ET-1-induced contractions were insensitive to the TRPC1 blocking antibody and to m{beta}cd. Increased store-operated channel activity in basilar arteries after organ culture correlated with increased sensitivity of ET-1 contraction to m{beta}cd. These results suggest that cholesterol influences vascular reactivity to ET-1 by affecting the caveolar localization of TRPC1.
Key words: arterial smooth muscle • methyl-{beta}-cyclodextrin • caveolae • endothelin • store-operated Ca2+ channels




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