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(Circulation Research. 2008;102:143.)
© 2008 American Heart Association, Inc.

Editorials

15-Lipoxygenase-1 in the Vasculature

Expanding Roles in Angiogenesis

Naoki Mochizuki, Young-Guen Kwon

From the Department of Structural Analysis (N.M.), National Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Osaka, Japan; and Department of Biochemistry (Y.-G.K.), College of Sciences, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea.

Correspondence to Young-Guen Kwon, PhD, Department of Biochemistry, College of Sciences, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea. E-mail ygkwon@yonsei.ac.kr

See related article, pages 177–184

Key Words: 15-LOX-1 • angiogenesis • VEGF • eNOS • PPAR-

An extract of the first 250 words of the full text is provided, because this article has no abstract.

Lipoxygenases (LOs) constitute a heterogeneous family of enzymes that catalyze the stereoselective dioxygenation of polyunsaturated fatty acids to their corresponding hydroperoxy derivatives.^1,2 In mammals, LOs are categorized with respect to their positional specificity of arachidonic acid oxygenation into 5-, 8-, 12-, and 15-LOs.^1–3 These enzymes induce structural and metabolic changes in cells during a wide variety of physiological and pathological processes, such as differentiation, carcinogenesis, inflammation, and atherogenesis. Accumulating studies have suggested diverse and opposing roles for the various LO pathways in the pathogenesis of human diseases, particularly cancer and atherosclerosis.^2–5 Consistent with the existence of multiple isoforms of LOs, a variety of intermediate and end products of arachidonic acids are found in various cell types, and they in turn activate diverse signaling cascades, resulting in diverse outcomes. Therefore, sophisticated understanding of the expression pattern of individual isozymes in the target cells and biological actions of the corresponding metabolites should be prerequisite for predicting their roles in disease processes.

Among the 4 mammalian LO subfamilies, 15-lipoxygenase-1 (also known as 12/15-lipoxygenase in mice) catalyzes the transformation of free arachidonic acid to 12-hydroperoxy-eicosatetraenoic acid and15-hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoic acid and the transformation of linoleic acid to 13-hydroperoxyoctadecadienoic acid (13-HPODE) (the reduced product is 13-HODE).^3,4 Both human 15-LO-1 and mouse 12/15-LO enzymes also metabolize more complex lipids, including phospholipids, cholesterol esters, and plasma lipoproteins. 15-LO-1 was considered initially to be the reticulocyte LO that can react with mitochondrial membrane lipids,⁶ but subsequently, a constitutive expression of 15-LO-1 has been reported in various types of cells, such . . . [Full Text of this Article]

Related Article:

15-Lipoxygenase-1 Prevents Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A– and Placental Growth Factor–Induced Angiogenic Effects in Rabbit Skeletal Muscles via Reduction in Growth Factor mRNA Levels, NO Bioactivity, and Downregulation of VEGF Receptor 2 Expression

Helena Viita, Johanna Markkanen, Emmi Eriksson, Markku Nurminen, Kati Kinnunen, Mohan Babu, Tommi Heikura, Sanna Turpeinen, Svetlana Laidinen, Teemu Takalo, and Seppo Ylä-Herttuala
Circ. Res. 2008 102: 177-184. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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