© 1995 American Heart Association, Inc.
Articles |
Neural Crest and Cardiovascular Patterning
From the Heart Development Group, Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta.
Correspondence to Dr Margaret L. Kirby, Heart Development Group, Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA 30912-2000. E-mail mkirby@mail.mcg.edu.
Key Words: neural crest • heart development • aortic archpatterning • myocardial function • cardiac dysmorphogenesis
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Introduction |
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Ablation of the cardiac neural crest has provided a powerful model of cardiovascular dysmorphogenesis because removal or manipulation of neural crest cells can be done before migration in sites distant from central cardiovascular development in chick embryos. Because the heart begins to function so early in its own morphogenetic history, the cardiovascular system is exquisitely sensitive to the embryonic environment, and virtually any manipulation of the embryo has cardiovascular consequences. Thus, although neural crest manipulation is not devoid of experimental artifact, it has resulted in significant advances in our understanding of certain of the factors involved in normal heart development in a way that direct manipulation of heart development does not. We have now identified two major roles for the neural crest in cardiovascular patterning. These are (1) participation in the patterning of the pharyngeal arches and their derivatives, including the aortic arch arteries, which will become the great arteries of the thorax, and (2) migration of a discrete population of neural crest cells into the cardiac outflow tract and participation in formation of the outflow septum. With the advent of genetically based animal models of cardiovascular dysmorphogenesis, some of which are neural crest related, it becomes important to understand what we know definitively from the ablation model along with the questions that remain. This review will focus on the roles of the neural crest in cardiovascular patterning as seen in the ablation model. An important part of the emerging neural crest–ablation phenotype is an early change in the functional
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M. D. Layne, W. O. Endege, M. K. Jain, S.-F. Yet, C.-M. Hsieh, M. T. Chin, M. A. Perrella, M. A. Blanar, E. Haber, and M.-E. Lee Aortic Carboxypeptidase-like Protein, a Novel Protein with Discoidin and Carboxypeptidase-like Domains, Is Up-regulated during Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Differentiation J. Biol. Chem., June 19, 1998; 273(25): 15654 - 15660. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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K. K. Hirschi, S. A. Rohovsky, and P. A. D'Amore PDGF, TGF-{beta}, and Heterotypic Cell-Cell Interactions Mediate Endothelial Cell-induced Recruitment of 10T1/2 Cells and Their Differentiation to a Smooth Muscle Fate J. Cell Biol., May 4, 1998; 141(3): 805 - 814. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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C. S. Madsen, C. P. Regan, J. E. Hungerford, S. L. White, I. Manabe, and G. K. Owens Smooth Muscle–Specific Expression of the Smooth Muscle Myosin Heavy Chain Gene in Transgenic Mice Requires 5'-Flanking and First Intronic DNA Sequence Circ. Res., May 4, 1998; 82(8): 908 - 917. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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M. K. Jain, M. D. Layne, M. Watanabe, M. T. Chin, M. W. Feinberg, N. E. S. Sibinga, C.-M. Hsieh, S.-F. Yet, D. L. Stemple, and M.-E. Lee In Vitro System for Differentiating Pluripotent Neural Crest Cells into Smooth Muscle Cells J. Biol. Chem., March 13, 1998; 273(11): 5993 - 5996. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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J. Ya, M. J. B. van den Hoff, P. A. J. de Boer, S. Tesink-Taekema, D. Franco, A. F. M. Moorman, and W. H. Lamers Normal Development of the Outflow Tract in the Rat Circ. Res., March 9, 1998; 82(4): 464 - 472. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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M. Bergwerff, M. E. Verberne, M. C. DeRuiter, R. E. Poelmann, and A. C. Gittenberger-de-Groot Neural Crest Cell Contribution to the Developing Circulatory System : Implications for Vascular Morphology? Circ. Res., February 9, 1998; 82(2): 221 - 231. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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H Kempf, C Linares, P Corvol, and J. Gasc Pharmacological inactivation of the endothelin type A receptor in the early chick embryo: a model of mispatterning of the branchial arch derivatives Development, January 12, 1998; 125(24): 4931 - 4941. [Abstract] [PDF]
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Q Lin, J Lu, H Yanagisawa, R Webb, G. Lyons, J. Richardson, and E. Olson Requirement of the MADS-box transcription factor MEF2C for vascular development Development, January 11, 1998; 125(22): 4565 - 4574. [Abstract] [PDF]
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M Watanabe, A Choudhry, M Berlan, A Singal, E Siwik, S Mohr, and S. Fisher Developmental remodeling and shortening of the cardiac outflow tract involves myocyte programmed cell death Development, January 10, 1998; 125(19): 3809 - 3820. [Abstract] [PDF]
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T Thomas, H Kurihara, H Yamagishi, Y Kurihara, Y Yazaki, E. Olson, and D Srivastava A signaling cascade involving endothelin-1, dHAND and msx1 regulates development of neural-crest-derived branchial arch mesenchyme Development, January 8, 1998; 125(16): 3005 - 3014. [Abstract] [PDF]
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D. Clouthier, K Hosoda, J. Richardson, S. Williams, H Yanagisawa, T Kuwaki, M Kumada, R. Hammer, and M Yanagisawa Cranial and cardiac neural crest defects in endothelin-A receptor-deficient mice Development, January 3, 1998; 125(5): 813 - 824. [Abstract] [PDF]
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H Yanagisawa, M Yanagisawa, R. Kapur, J. Richardson, S. Williams, D. Clouthier, D de Wit, N Emoto, and R. Hammer Dual genetic pathways of endothelin-mediated intercellular signaling revealed by targeted disruption of endothelin converting enzyme-1 gene Development, January 3, 1998; 125(5): 825 - 836. [Abstract] [PDF]
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A. N. Tullio, D. Accili, V. J. Ferrans, Z.-X. Yu, K. Takeda, A. Grinberg, H. Westphal, Y. A. Preston, and R. S. Adelstein Nonmuscle myosin II-B is required for normal development of the mouse heart PNAS, November 11, 1997; 94(23): 12407 - 12412. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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S. J Conway, D. J Henderson, M. L Kirby, R. H Anderson, and A. J Copp Development of a lethal congenital heart defect in the splotch (Pax3) mutant mouse Cardiovasc Res, November 1, 1997; 36(2): 163 - 173. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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E. T. Chuck, D. M. Freeman, M. Watanabe, and D. S. Rosenbaum Changing Activation Sequence in the Embryonic Chick Heart : Implications for the Development of the His-Purkinje System Circ. Res., October 19, 1997; 81(4): 470 - 476. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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S P Oh and E Li The signaling pathway mediated by the type IIB activin receptor controls axial patterning and lateral asymmetry in the mouse. Genes & Dev., July 15, 1997; 11(14): 1812 - 1826. [Abstract] [PDF]
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B. Hogers, M.C. DeRuiter, A.C. Gittenberger-de Groot, and R.E. Poelmann Unilateral Vitelline Vein Ligation Alters Intracardiac Blood Flow Patterns and Morphogenesis in the Chick Embryo Circ. Res., April 19, 1997; 80(4): 473 - 481. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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K Iida, H Koseki, H Kakinuma, N Kato, Y Mizutani-Koseki, H Ohuchi, H Yoshioka, S Noji, K Kawamura, Y Kataoka, et al. Essential roles of the winged helix transcription factor MFH-1 in aortic arch patterning and skeletogenesis Development, January 11, 1997; 124(22): 4627 - 4638. [Abstract] [PDF]
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M. Fishman and K. Chien Fashioning the vertebrate heart: earliest embryonic decisions Development, January 6, 1997; 124(11): 2099 - 2117. [Abstract] [PDF]
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J. Ewart, M. Cohen, R. Meyer, G. Huang, A Wessels, R. Gourdie, A. Chin, S. Park, B. Lazatin, S Villabon, et al. Heart and neural tube defects in transgenic mice overexpressing the Cx43 gap junction gene Development, January 4, 1997; 124(7): 1281 - 1292. [Abstract] [PDF]
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Q. Lin, D. Srivastava, and E.N. Olson A Transcriptional Pathway for Cardiac Development Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol, January 1, 1997; 62(0): 405 - 411. [Abstract] [PDF]
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S. Conway, D. Henderson, and A. Copp Pax3 is required for cardiac neural crest migration in the mouse: evidence from the splotch (Sp2H) mutant Development, January 1, 1997; 124(2): 505 - 514. [Abstract] [PDF]
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S. Hasegawa, T. Sato, H. Akazawa, H. Okada, A. Maeno, M. Ito, Y. Sugitani, H. Shibata, J.-i. Miyazaki, M. Katsuki, et al. Apoptosis in neural crest cells by functional loss of APC tumor suppressor gene PNAS, January 8, 2002; 99(1): 297 - 302. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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M. D. Layne, S.-F. Yet, K. Maemura, C.-M. Hsieh, X. Liu, B. Ith, M.-E. Lee, and M. A. Perrella Characterization of the Mouse Aortic Carboxypeptidase-Like Protein Promoter Reveals Activity in Differentiated and Dedifferentiated Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Circ. Res., April 5, 2002; 90(6): 728 - 736. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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