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(Circulation Research. 2006;98:757.)
© 2006 American Heart Association, Inc.

Reviews

Rho GTPases and Leukocyte Adhesion Receptor Expression and Function in Endothelial Cells

Eva Cernuda-Morollón, Anne J. Ridley

From the Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research (E.C.-M., A.J.R.), Royal Free and University College School of Medicine, and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (A.J.R.), University College London, London, UK.

Correspondence to Dr Anne Ridley, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Royal Free and University College School of Medicine Branch, 91 Riding House St, London W1W 7BS, UK. E-mail anne{at}ludwig.ucl.ac.uk

This Review is part of a thematic series on The Role of Small GTPases in Cardiovascular Biology, which includes the following articles:

Rho GTPases, Statins, and NO

The Role of Small GTPases in Endothelial Cytoskeletal Dynamics and the Sheer Stress Response Rho Kinases in

Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology

Regulation of NADPH Oxidases: The Role of Rac Proteins

The Rac and Rho Hall of Fame: A Decade of Hypertrophic Signaling Hits

Rho GTPases and Leukocyte Adhesion Receptor Expression and Function in Endothelial Cells
Anne Ridley Guest Editor

Rho family GTPases are key signal transducers that regulate cell adhesion and migration and a variety of other cellular responses, including changes in gene expression. In this review, we discuss how Rho GTPases regulate signaling by endothelial cell receptors involved in leukocyte extravasation. First, Rho GTPases affect the expression of some leukocyte adhesion molecules on endothelial cells, such as intracellular adhesion molecule-1 and E-selectin, that can be induced by proinflammatory mediators, hypoxia, or shear stress. Second, Rho GTPases are activated by engagement of several leukocyte adhesion receptors and contribute to both early morphological changes and subsequent alterations in gene expression. Rho GTPases are therefore candidate targets for inhibiting leukocyte transendothelial migration in heart disease and chronic inflammatory disorders.

Key Words: adhesion molecules • Rho GTPases • leukocyte transmigration • diapedesis • endothelial receptors

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