doi: 10.1161/01.RES.0000143421.27684.12
© 2004 American Heart Association, Inc.
Reviews |
Mesenchymal Stem Cells and the Artery Wall
From the Departments of Medicine and Physiology, The David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California at Los Angeles.
Correspondence to Linda L. Demer, MD, PhD, 47-123 CHS, The David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 10833 LeConte Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1679. E-mail LDemer{at}mednet.ucla.edu
This Review is part of a thematic series on Mechanisms of Vascular Calcification, which includes the following articles:
Pathophysiology of Vascular Calcification in Chronic Kidney Disease
Mesenchymal Stem Cells and the Artery Wall
Angiogenesis and Pericytes in Initiation of Ectopic Calcification
Osteopontin Promoter Regulation and Phosphate Transport Molecules in Vascular Calcification
Regulation of Vascular Calcification by Osteoclast Regulatory Factors RANKL and Osteoprotegerin
Role of Bone Morphogenetic Proteins in Vascular Calcification
Linda Demer Guest Editor
The presence of ectopic tissue in the diseased artery wall is evidence for the presence of multipotential stem cells in the vasculature. Mesenchymal stem cells were first identified in the marrow stroma, and they differentiate along multiple lineages giving rise to cartilage, bone, fat, muscle, and vascular tissue in vitro and in vivo. Transplantation studies show that marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells appear to enter the circulation and engraft other tissues, including the artery wall, at sites of injury. Recent evidence indicates that mesenchymal stem cells are also present in normal artery wall and microvessels and that they also may enter the circulation, contributing to the population of circulating progenitor cells and engrafting other tissues. Thus, the artery wall is not only a destination but also a source of progenitor cells that have regenerative potential. Although potential artifacts, such as fusion, need to be taken into consideration, these new developments in vascular biology open important therapeutic avenues. A greater understanding of how mesenchymal stem cells from the bone marrow or artery wall bring about vascular regeneration and repair may lead to novel cell-based treatments for cardiovascular disease.
Key Words: vascular • mesenchymal stem cell • calcification • bone • atherosclerosis
This article has been cited by other articles:
 |
|
 |
|
  F. Zhang, S. Tsai, K. Kato, D. Yamanouchi, C. Wang, S. Rafii, B. Liu, and K. C. Kent Transforming Growth Factor-{beta} Promotes Recruitment of Bone Marrow Cells and Bone Marrow-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells through Stimulation of MCP-1 Production in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells J. Biol. Chem., June 26, 2009; 284(26): 17564 - 17574. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. Dufourcq, B. Descamps, N. F. Tojais, L. Leroux, P. Oses, D. Daret, C. Moreau, J.-M. D. Lamaziere, T. Couffinhal, and C. Duplaa Secreted Frizzled-Related Protein-1 Enhances Mesenchymal Stem Cell Function in Angiogenesis and Contributes to Neovessel Maturation Stem Cells, November 1, 2008; 26(11): 2991 - 3001. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Gossl, U. I. Modder, E. J. Atkinson, A. Lerman, and S. Khosla Osteocalcin Expression by Circulating Endothelial Progenitor Cells in Patients With Coronary Atherosclerosis J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., October 14, 2008; 52(16): 1314 - 1325. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. da Silva Meirelles, A. I. Caplan, and N. B. Nardi In Search of the In Vivo Identity of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Stem Cells, September 1, 2008; 26(9): 2287 - 2299. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Q. Xu Stem Cells and Transplant Arteriosclerosis Circ. Res., May 9, 2008; 102(9): 1011 - 1024. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. E. Mayer Tissue Engineering for Cardiac Valve Surgery Card. Surg. Adult, January 1, 2008; 3(2008): 1649 - 1656. [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. P. Kirton, N. J. Crofts, S. J. George, K. Brennan, and A. E. Canfield Wnt/{beta}-Catenin Signaling Stimulates Chondrogenic and Inhibits Adipogenic Differentiation of Pericytes: Potential Relevance to Vascular Disease? Circ. Res., September 14, 2007; 101(6): 581 - 589. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. Pasquinelli, P. L. Tazzari, C. Vaselli, L. Foroni, M. Buzzi, G. Storci, F. Alviano, F. Ricci, M. Bonafe, C. Orrico, et al. Thoracic Aortas from Multiorgan Donors Are Suitable for Obtaining Resident Angiogenic Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Stem Cells, July 1, 2007; 25(7): 1627 - 1634. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. Dai, Y.H. Ding, R. Kadirvel, D.A. Lewis, H.J. Cloft, and D.F. Kallmes Bone Formation in Elastase-Induced Rabbit Aneurysms Embolized with Platinum Coils: Report of 2 Cases AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol., June 1, 2007; 28(6): 1176 - 1178. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. Ishii, T.-K. Ito, K. Aoyagi, H. Fujimoto, H. Chiba, T. Hasebe, S. Fujii, K. Nagai, H. Sasaki, and A. Ochiai Presence of Human Circulating Progenitor Cells for Cancer Stromal Fibroblasts in the Blood of Lung Cancer Patients Stem Cells, June 1, 2007; 25(6): 1469 - 1477. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 G. Invernici, C. Emanueli, P. Madeddu, S. Cristini, S. Gadau, A. Benetti, E. Ciusani, G. Stassi, M. Siragusa, R. Nicosia, et al. Human Fetal Aorta Contains Vascular Progenitor Cells Capable of Inducing Vasculogenesis, Angiogenesis, and Myogenesis in Vitro and in a Murine Model of Peripheral Ischemia Am. J. Pathol., June 1, 2007; 170(6): 1879 - 1892. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. G. Ball, C. A. Shuttleworth, and C. M. Kielty Vascular endothelial growth factor can signal through platelet-derived growth factor receptors J. Cell Biol., May 7, 2007; 177(3): 489 - 500. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. Jaillard, M. Holder-Espinasse, T. Hubert, M.-C. Copin, M. Duterque-Coquillaud, A. Wurtz, and C.-H. Marquette Tracheal replacement by allogenic aorta in the pig. Chest, November 1, 2006; 130(5): 1397 - 1404. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Galassi, D. M. Spiegel, A. Bellasi, G. A. Block, and P. Raggi Accelerated vascular calcification and relative hypoparathyroidism in incident haemodialysis diabetic patients receiving calcium binders Nephrol. Dial. Transplant., November 1, 2006; 21(11): 3215 - 3222. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Patel, B. Fine, M. Sandig, and K. Mequanint Elastin biosynthesis: The missing link in tissue-engineered blood vessels Cardiovasc Res, July 1, 2006; 71(1): 40 - 49. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. L. Cher, D. A. Towler, S. Rafii, D. Rowley, H. J. Donahue, E. Keller, M. Herlyn, E. A. Cho, and L. W.K. Chung Cancer Interaction with the Bone Microenvironment: A Workshop of the National Institutes of Health Tumor Microenvironment Study Section Am. J. Pathol., May 1, 2006; 168(5): 1405 - 1412. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 I. Pountos, E. Jones, C. Tzioupis, D. McGonagle, and P. V. Giannoudis Growing bone and cartilage: THE ROLE OF MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS J Bone Joint Surg Br, April 1, 2006; 88-B(4): 421 - 426. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. Rohde, C. Malischnik, D. Thaler, T. Maierhofer, W. Linkesch, G. Lanzer, C. Guelly, and D. Strunk Blood Monocytes Mimic Endothelial Progenitor Cells Stem Cells, February 1, 2006; 24(2): 357 - 367. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. M. Giachelli, M. Y. Speer, X. Li, R. M. Rajachar, and H. Yang Regulation of Vascular Calcification: Roles of Phosphate and Osteopontin Circ. Res., April 15, 2005; 96(7): 717 - 722. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|