Circulation Research. 2003;92:139-150
doi: 10.1161/01.RES.0000053618.86362.DF
doi: 10.1161/01.RES.0000053618.86362.DF
© 2003 American Heart Association, Inc.
Review |
Myocyte Death, Growth, and Regeneration in Cardiac Hypertrophy and Failure
From the Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY.
Correspondence to Bernardo Nadal-Ginard, MD, PhD, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Dept of Medicine, New York Medical College, Vosburgh Pavilion, Room 302A, Valhalla, NY 10595. E-mail b_nadal-ginard{at}nymc.edu
The accepted paradigm considers the adult mammalian heart as a postmitotic organ, which possesses a relatively constant number of myocytes from shortly after birth to adulthood and senescence. This notion is questioned by the demonstration that although most adult myocytes are terminally differentiated, there is a small and continuously renewed subpopulation of cycling myocytes produced by the differentiation of cardiac stem-like cells. Myocyte death and myocyte regeneration are introduced as major determinants of cardiac homeostasis and alterations of ventricular anatomy and function in physiological and pathological states. The possibility of reconstituting dead myocardium by stem-like cells is advanced and proposed as a major area of future research.
Key Words: myocyte apoptosis and necrosis • myocyte regeneration • stem cells
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