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Circulation Research. 2002;90:1093-1099
Published online before print April 25, 2002, doi: 10.1161/01.RES.0000019241.12929.EB
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(Circulation Research. 2002;90:1093.)
© 2002 American Heart Association, Inc.


Molecular Medicine

Outside-In Signals Delivered by Matrix Metalloproteinase-1 Regulate Platelet Function

Spencer W. Galt, Stephan Lindemann, Loren Allen, Donald J. Medd, Jeanne M. Falk, Thomas M. McIntyre, Stephen M. Prescott, Larry W. Kraiss, Guy A. Zimmerman, Andrew S. Weyrich

From the Departments of Vascular Surgery (S.W.G., L.W.K.), Internal Medicine (T.M.M., S.M.P., G.A.Z., A.S.W.), and Pathology (T.M.M.) and the Program in Human Molecular Genetics (S.L., L.A., D.J.M., J.M.F., T.M.M., G.A.Z., A.S.W.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City.

Correspondence to Spencer W. Galt, MD, and Andrew S. Weyrich, PhD, Program in Human Molecular Biology and Genetics, Eccles Institute of Human Genetics, 15 North 2030 East, Room 4220, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-5330. E-mail sgalt{at}hsc.utah.edu and andy.weyrich@hmbg.utah.edu

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are proteolytic enzymes that degrade extracellular matrix proteins. These enzymes are implicated in a variety of physiological and pathological events characterized by extracellular matrix remodeling. Recent studies suggest that MMPs may have a signaling capacity, but direct evidence supporting this concept is lacking. In the present study, we demonstrate that outside-in signals delivered by exogenous MMP-1 (interstitial collagenase) markedly increase the number of tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins in platelets. Active MMP-1 also targets ß3 integrins to areas of cell contact and primes platelets for aggregation. Examination of the endogenous enzyme demonstrated that activated platelets process latent MMP-1 into its active form. Neutralization of MMP-1 activity with MMP inhibitors or specific blocking antibodies markedly attenuates agonist-induced phosphorylation of intracellular proteins, movement of ß3 integrins to cell contact points, and intercellular aggregation. The finding that MMP-1 is rapidly activated in platelets and controls functional responses identifies a new role for this metalloproteinase as a signaling molecule that regulates thrombotic events.


Key Words: matrix metalloproteinases • platelets • signaling • thrombosis




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