Circulation Research. 2002;90:21-28
doi: 10.1161/hh0102.102330
doi: 10.1161/hh0102.102330
© 2002 American Heart Association, Inc.
Reviews |
Nitric Oxide Donors and Cardiovascular Agents Modulating the Bioactivity of Nitric Oxide
An Overview
From the Nitric Oxide Research Group (L.J.I.), Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Center for the Health Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles; the Department of Medicine (C.N.), Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy; the Department of Medicine (C.N.), University of California, San Diego; and the Evans Department of Medicine (J.L.), Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Mass.
Correspondence to Joseph Loscalzo, MD, PhD, Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, 715 Albany St, W507, Boston, MA 02118. E-mail jloscalz{at}bu.edu
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) mediates multiple physiological and pathophysiological processes in the cardiovascular system. Pharmacological compounds that release NO have been useful tools for evaluating the pivotal role of NO in cardiovascular physiology and therapeutics. These agents constitute two broad classes of compounds, those that release NO or one of its redox congeners spontaneously and those that require enzymatic metabolism to generate NO. In addition, several commonly used cardiovascular drugs exert their beneficial action, in part, by modulating the NO pathway. Here, we review these classes of agents, summarizing their fundamental chemistry and pharmacology, and provide an overview of their cardiovascular mechanisms of action.
Key Words: oxidant stress • cardiovascular pharmacology • endothelium, vascular type • nitric oxide
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