Circulation Research. 2001;89:650-660
doi: 10.1161/hh2001.098351
doi: 10.1161/hh2001.098351
© 2001 American Heart Association, Inc.
Review |
Prostaglandin H Synthase and Vascular Function
From the Perinatal Research Centre, Departments of Ob/Gyn and Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
Correspondence to Sandra T. Davidge, PhD, Perinatal Research Centre, 220 Heritage Medical Research Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2S2. E-mail sandra.davidge{at}ualberta.ca
Abstract—— Prostaglandin H synthase (PGHS) is a rate-limiting enzyme in the production of prostaglandins and thromboxane, which are important regulators of vascular function. Under normal physiological conditions, PGHS-dependent vasodilators (such as prostacyclin) modulate vascular tone. However, PGHS-dependent vasoconstriction (mediated by thromboxane and/or its immediate precursor, PGH2) predominates in some vascular pathologies (eg, systemic hypertension, diabetes, cerebral ischemia, and aging). This review will discuss the role of PGHS-dependent modulation of vascular function in a number of vascular beds (systemic, pulmonary, cerebral, and uterine) with an emphasis on vascular pathophysiology. Moreover, the specific contributions of the different isoforms (PGHS-1 and PGHS-2) are discussed. Understanding the role of PGHS in vascular function is of particular importance because they are the targets of the commonly used nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), which include aspirin and ibuprofen. Importantly, with the advent of specific PGHS-2 inhibitors for treatment of conditions such as chronic inflammatory disease, it is an opportune time to review the data regarding PGHS-dependent modulation of vascular function.
Key Words: endothelium • cyclooxygenase • prostaglandin • thromboxane • eicosanoid
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