Circulation Research. 2001;89:201-210
doi: 10.1161/hh1501.094396
doi: 10.1161/hh1501.094396
© 2001 American Heart Association, Inc.
Review |
Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibition After Myocardial Infarction
A New Approach to Prevent Heart Failure?
From the Departments of Pathology (E.E.J.M.C., J.P.M.C., M.J.A.P.D.) and Pharmacology (J.F.M.S.), Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, University of Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Correspondence to M.J.A.P. Daemen, MD, PhD, Department of Pathology, University of Maastricht, PO Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands. E-mail mda{at}lpat.azm.nl
Abstract— Increased activity of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) has been implicated in numerous disease processes, including tumor growth and metastasis, arthritis, and periodontal disease. It is now becoming increasingly clear that extracellular matrix degradation by MMPs is also involved in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease, including atherosclerosis, restenosis, dilated cardiomyopathy, and myocardial infarction. Administration of synthetic MMP inhibitors in experimental animal models of these cardiovascular diseases significantly inhibits the progression of, respectively, atherosclerotic lesion formation, neointima formation, left ventricular remodeling, pump dysfunction, and infarct healing. This review focuses on the role of MMPs in cardiovascular disease, in particular myocardial infarction and the subsequent progression to heart failure. MMPs, which are present in the myocardium and capable of degrading all the matrix components of the heart, are the driving force behind myocardial matrix remodeling. The recent finding that acute pharmacological inhibition of MMPs or deficiency in MMP-9 attenuates left ventricular dilatation in the infarcted mouse heart led to the proposal that MMP inhibitors could be used as a potential therapy for patients at risk for the development of heart failure after myocardial infarction. Although these promising results encourage the design of clinical trials with MMP inhibitors, there are still several unresolved issues. This review describes the biology of MMPs and discusses new insights into the role of MMPs in several cardiovascular diseases. Attention will be paid to the central role of the plasminogen system as an important activator of MMPs in the remodeling process after myocardial infarction. Finally, we speculate on the use of MMP inhibitors as potential therapy for heart failure.
Key Words: myocardial infarction • therapy • matrix metalloproteinase inhibition
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Z. Xie, M. Singh, D. A. Siwik, W. L. Joyner, and K. Singh Osteopontin Inhibits Interleukin-1{beta}-stimulated Increases in Matrix Metalloproteinase Activity in Adult Rat Cardiac Fibroblasts: ROLE OF PROTEIN KINASE C-{zeta} J. Biol. Chem., December 5, 2003; 278(49): 48546 - 48552. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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K. Kameda, T. Matsunaga, N. Abe, H. Hanada, H. Ishizaka, H. Ono, M. Saitoh, K. Fukui, I. Fukuda, T. Osanai, et al. Correlation of oxidative stress with activity of matrix metalloproteinase in patients with coronary artery disease: Possible role for left ventricular remodelling Eur. Heart J., December 2, 2003; 24(24): 2180 - 2185. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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W. M. Yarbrough, R. Mukherjee, G. P. Escobar, J. T. Mingoia, J. A. Sample, J. W. Hendrick, K. B. Dowdy, J. E. McLean, A. S. Lowry, T. P. O'Neill, et al. Selective Targeting and Timing of Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibition in Post-Myocardial Infarction Remodeling Circulation, October 7, 2003; 108(14): 1753 - 1759. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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B. OSTERUD and E. BJORKLID Role of Monocytes in Atherogenesis Physiol Rev, October 1, 2003; 83(4): 1069 - 1112. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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C. B Jones, D. C Sane, and D. M Herrington Matrix metalloproteinases: A review of their structure and role in acute coronary syndrome Cardiovasc Res, October 1, 2003; 59(4): 812 - 823. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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F. J. Villarreal, M. Griffin, J. Omens, W. Dillmann, J. Nguyen, and J. Covell Early Short-Term Treatment With Doxycycline Modulates Postinfarction Left Ventricular Remodeling Circulation, September 23, 2003; 108(12): 1487 - 1492. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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S. Hayashidani, H. Tsutsui, M. Ikeuchi, T. Shiomi, H. Matsusaka, T. Kubota, K. Imanaka-Yoshida, T. Itoh, and A. Takeshita Targeted deletion of MMP-2 attenuates early LV rupture and late remodeling after experimental myocardial infarction Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, August 7, 2003; 285(3): H1229 - H1235. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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C. Boixel, V. Fontaine, C. Rucker-Martin, P. Milliez, L. Louedec, J.-B. Michel, M.-P. Jacob, and S. N. Hatem Fibrosis of the left atria during progression of heart failure is associated with increased matrix metalloproteinases in the rat J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., July 16, 2003; 42(2): 336 - 344. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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H. Chen, D. Li, G. J Roberts, T. Saldeen, and J. L Mehta Eicosapentanoic acid inhibits hypoxia-reoxygenation-induced injury by attenuating upregulation of MMP-1 in adult rat myocytes Cardiovasc Res, July 1, 2003; 59(1): 7 - 13. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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P. Reidar Woldbaek, T. Tonnessen, U. Lie Henriksen, G. Florholmen, P. Kristian Lunde, T. Lyberg, and G. Christensen Increased cardiac IL-18 mRNA, pro-IL-18 and plasma IL-18 after myocardial infarction in the mouse; a potential role in cardiac dysfunction Cardiovasc Res, July 1, 2003; 59(1): 122 - 131. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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E. M. Wilson, S. L. Moainie, J. M. Baskin, A. S. Lowry, A. M. Deschamps, R. Mukherjee, T. S. Guy, M. G. St John-Sutton, J. H. Gorman III, L. H. Edmunds Jr, et al. Region- and Type-Specific Induction of Matrix Metalloproteinases in Post-Myocardial Infarction Remodeling Circulation, June 10, 2003; 107(22): 2857 - 2863. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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R. Visse and H. Nagase Matrix Metalloproteinases and Tissue Inhibitors of Metalloproteinases: Structure, Function, and Biochemistry Circ. Res., May 2, 2003; 92(8): 827 - 839. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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H. Chen, D. Li, T. Saldeen, and J. L. Mehta TGF-beta 1 attenuates myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury via inhibition of upregulation of MMP-1 Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, May 1, 2003; 284(5): H1612 - H1617. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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S. Blankenberg, H. J. Rupprecht, O. Poirier, C. Bickel, M. Smieja, G. Hafner, J. Meyer, F. Cambien, L. Tiret, and for the AtheroGene Investigators Plasma Concentrations and Genetic Variation of Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 and Prognosis of Patients With Cardiovascular Disease Circulation, April 1, 2003; 107(12): 1579 - 1585. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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S. Wei, Y. Chen, L. Chung, H. Nagase, and K. Brew Protein Engineering of the Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP-1) Inhibitory Domain. IN SEARCH OF SELECTIVE MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASE INHIBITORS J. Biol. Chem., March 7, 2003; 278(11): 9831 - 9834. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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P. Philip-Couderc, F. Smih, M. Pelat, C. Vidal, P. Verwaerde, A. Pathak, S. Buys, M. Galinier, J.-M. Senard, and P. Rouet Cardiac Transcriptome Analysis in Obesity-Related Hypertension Hypertension, March 1, 2003; 41(3): 414 - 421. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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M. K. King, M. L. Coker, A. Goldberg, J. H. McElmurray III, H. R. Gunasinghe, R. Mukherjee, M. R. Zile, T. P. O'Neill, and F. G. Spinale Selective Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibition With Developing Heart Failure: Effects on Left Ventricular Function and Structure Circ. Res., February 7, 2003; 92(2): 177 - 185. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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C. F. Baicu, J. D. Stroud, V. A. Livesay, E. Hapke, J. Holder, F. G. Spinale, and M. R. Zile Changes in extracellular collagen matrix alter myocardial systolic performance Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, January 1, 2003; 284(1): H122 - H132. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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E. E. J. M. Creemers, J. N. Davis, A. M. Parkhurst, P. Leenders, K. B. Dowdy, E. Hapke, A. M. Hauet, P. G. Escobar, J. P. M. Cleutjens, J. F. M. Smits, et al. Deficiency of TIMP-1 exacerbates LV remodeling after myocardial infarction in mice Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, January 1, 2003; 284(1): H364 - H371. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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W. S. Bradham Jr, H. Gunasinghe, J. R. Holder, M. Multani, D. Killip, M. Anderson, D. Meyer, W. H. Spencer III, G. Torre-Amione, and F. G. Spinale Release of matrix metalloproteinases following alcohol septal ablation in hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., December 18, 2002; 40(12): 2165 - 2173. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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F. G. Spinale Bioactive Peptide Signaling Within the Myocardial Interstitium and the Matrix Metalloproteinases Circ. Res., December 13, 2002; 91(12): 1082 - 1084. [Full Text] [PDF]
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I. Manabe, T. Shindo, and R. Nagai Gene Expression in Fibroblasts and Fibrosis: Involvement in Cardiac Hypertrophy Circ. Res., December 13, 2002; 91(12): 1103 - 1113. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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J. Peng, D. Gurantz, V. Tran, R. T. Cowling, and B. H. Greenberg Tumor Necrosis Factor-{alpha}-Induced AT1 Receptor Upregulation Enhances Angiotensin II-Mediated Cardiac Fibroblast Responses That Favor Fibrosis Circ. Res., December 13, 2002; 91(12): 1119 - 1126. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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T. Tsuruda, G. Boerrigter, B. K. Huntley, J. A. Noser, A. Cataliotti, L. C. Costello-Boerrigter, H. H. Chen, and J. C. Burnett Jr Brain Natriuretic Peptide Is Produced in Cardiac Fibroblasts and Induces Matrix Metalloproteinases Circ. Res., December 13, 2002; 91(12): 1127 - 1134. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 Y. Shizukuda and P. M. Buttrick Oxygen free radicals and heart failure: new insight into an old question Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, August 1, 2002; 283(2): L237 - L238. [Full Text] [PDF]
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R. Nakamura, K. Egashira, Y. Machida, S. Hayashidani, M. Takeya, H. Utsumi, H. Tsutsui, and A. Takeshita Probucol Attenuates Left Ventricular Dysfunction and Remodeling in Tachycardia-Induced Heart Failure: Roles of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation Circulation, July 16, 2002; 106(3): 362 - 367. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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M. M. Thompson and I. B. Squire Matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression after myocardial infarction: physiological or pathological? Cardiovasc Res, June 1, 2002; 54(3): 495 - 498. [Full Text] [PDF]
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F. G. Spinale Matrix Metalloproteinases: Regulation and Dysregulation in the Failing Heart Circ. Res., March 22, 2002; 90(5): 520 - 530. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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P. Pacher, L. Liaudet, P. Bai, L. Virag, J. G. Mabley, G. Hasko, and C. Szabo Activation of Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase Contributes to Development of Doxorubicin-Induced Heart Failure J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., March 1, 2002; 300(3): 862 - 867. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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