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Circulation Research. 2000;86:700-706

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(Circulation Research. 2000;86:700.)
© 2000 American Heart Association, Inc.

Integrative Physiology

Cardiac Dysfunction Caused by Myocardium-Specific Expression of a Mutant Thyroid Hormone Receptor

Carmen Pazos-Moura1, E. Dale Abel1, Mary-Ellen Boers, Egberto Moura, Thomas G. Hampton, Jufeng Wang, James P. Morgan, Fredric E. Wondisford

From the Thyroid Unit (C.P.-M., E.D.A., M.-E.B., E.M., F.E.W.) and Cardiovascular Division (T.G.H., J.W., J.P.M.), Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass. Dr Pazos-Moura is now at Laboratorio de Fisiologia Endocrina, Instituto de Biofisica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, and Dr Moura is at Departamento de Ciencias Fisiologicas, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Correspondence to Dr Fredric E. Wondisford, Thyroid Unit, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA. E-mail fwondisf{at}caregroup.harvard.edu

Abstract—Thyroid hormone deficiency has profound effects on the cardiovascular system, resulting in decreased cardiac contractility, adrenergic responsiveness, and vascular volume and increased peripheral vascular resistance. To determine the importance of direct cardiac effects in the genesis of hypothyroid cardiac dysfunction, the cardiac myocyte was specifically targeted with a mutant thyroid hormone receptor (TR)-ß ({Delta}337T-TR-ß1) driven by the {alpha}-myosin heavy chain ({alpha}-MHC) gene promoter. As a control in these experiments, a wild-type (Wt) TR-ß1 was also targeted to the heart by using the same promoter. Transgenic mice expressing the mutant TR displayed an mRNA expression pattern consistent with cardiac hypothyroidism, even though their peripheral thyroid hormone levels were normal. When these animals were rendered hypothyroid or thyrotoxic, mRNA expression of MHC isoforms remained unchanged in the hearts of the {Delta}337T transgenic animals, in contrast to Wt controls or transgenic animals expressing Wt TR-ß1, which exhibited the expected changes in steady-state MHC mRNA levels. Studies in Langendorff heart preparations from mutant TR-ß1 transgenic animals revealed evidence of heart failure with a significant reduction in +dP/dT, -dP/dT, and force-frequency responses compared with values in Wt controls and transgenic mice overexpressing the Wt TR-ß1. In contrast, in vivo measures of cardiac performance were similar between Wt and mutant animals, indicating that the diminished performance of the mutant transgenic heart in vitro was compensated for by other mechanisms in vivo. This is the first demonstration indicating that isolated cardiac hypothyroidism causes cardiac dysfunction in the absence of changes in the adrenergic or peripheral vascular system.


Key Words: thyroid hormone resistance • cardiac hypothyroidism • mice




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