© 1998 American Heart Association, Inc.
Original Contributions |
Fluid Shear Stress Increases the Production of Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor by Endothelial Cells via mRNA Stabilization
From the Department of Orthopedic Surgery (K.K., T.K.) and the Department of Biomedical Engineering (J.A., R.K., A.K.), Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo (Japan).
Abstract—To investigate whether the
production of colony-stimulating factors (CSFs) by vascular
endothelial cells is regulated by
hemodynamic force, we exposed cultured human umbilical
vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) to controlled levels of
shear stress in a flow-loading apparatus and examined
changes in the production of CSFs at both the protein and mRNA
level. Exposure of HUVECs to a shear stress of 15 and 25
dyne/cm2 markedly increased the release of
granulocyte-macrophage CSF (GM-CSF) detected by ELISA to 5.0
and 9.5 times, respectively, the amount released by the static controls
at 24 hours, but it had no significant influence on the release of
granulocyte CSF or macrophage CSF. The results of reverse
transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction demonstrated that GM-CSF mRNA
began to increase as early as 2 hours after initiation of 15
dyne/cm2 shear stress and continued to increase with time,
reaching a peak of about four times the control levels at 24 hours.
This increase in GM-CSF mRNA levels in response to shear stress
depended on protein synthesis, because it was blocked by cycloheximide.
Neither nuclear run-on assay or luciferase assay using a reporter gene
containing GM-CSF gene promoter showed any significant change in
transcription of the GM-CSF gene even after 24-hour exposure to a shear
stress of 15 dyne/cm2. Actinomycin D chase experiments
using a competitive polymerase chain reaction showed that shear stress
extended the half-life of GM-CSF mRNA from 
23 to 42 minutes in
HUVECs. These findings suggest that fluid shear stress increases the
production of GM-CSF in HUVECs via mRNA stabilization.
Key Words: granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor • shear stress • endothelial cell • mRNA stability
This article has been cited by other articles:
 |
|
 |
|
  R. W. Millard and Y. Wang Milieu interieur the search for myocardial arteriogenic signals. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., June 9, 2009; 53(23): 2148 - 2149. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. Obi, K. Yamamoto, N. Shimizu, S. Kumagaya, T. Masumura, T. Sokabe, T. Asahara, and J. Ando Fluid shear stress induces arterial differentiation of endothelial progenitor cells J Appl Physiol, January 1, 2009; 106(1): 203 - 211. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. C. van Oostrom, O. van Oostrom, P. H. A. Quax, M. C. Verhaar, and I. E. Hoefer Insights into mechanisms behind arteriogenesis: what does the future hold? J. Leukoc. Biol., December 1, 2008; 84(6): 1379 - 1391. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K. Todo, K. Kitagawa, T. Sasaki, E. Omura-Matsuoka, Y. Terasaki, N. Oyama, Y. Yagita, and M. Hori Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor Enhances Leptomeningeal Collateral Growth Induced by Common Carotid Artery Occlusion Stroke, June 1, 2008; 39(6): 1875 - 1882. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. Celik, S. Kaplan, R. Yilmaz, T. Erdogan, and A. Kiris Relationship Between Aortic Stiffness and the Development of Coronary Collateral in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease Angiology, January 1, 2008; 58(6): 671 - 676. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 L. Wang, G. Muxin, H. Nishida, C. Shirakawa, S. Sato, and T. Konishi Psychological Stress-Induced Oxidative Stress as a Model of Sub-Healthy Condition and the Effect of TCM Evid. Based Complement. Altern. Med., June 1, 2007; 4(2): 195 - 202. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 H. Nakatsuka, T. Sokabe, K. Yamamoto, Y. Sato, K. Hatakeyama, A. Kamiya, and J. Ando Shear stress induces hepatocyte PAI-1 gene expression through cooperative Sp1/Ets-1 activation of transcription Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol, July 1, 2006; 291(1): G26 - G34. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Miyagi, Y. Miwa, F. Takahashi-Yanaga, S. Morimoto, and T. Sasaguri Activator Protein-1 Mediates Shear Stress-Induced Prostaglandin D Synthase Gene Expression in Vascular Endothelial Cells Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, May 1, 2005; 25(5): 970 - 975. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 H. Shiratsuchi and M. D. Basson Activation of p38 MAPK{alpha} by extracellular pressure mediates the stimulation of macrophage phagocytosis by pressure Am J Physiol Cell Physiol, May 1, 2005; 288(5): C1083 - C1093. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K. Yamamoto, T. Sokabe, T. Watabe, K. Miyazono, J. K. Yamashita, S. Obi, N. Ohura, A. Matsushita, A. Kamiya, and J. Ando Fluid shear stress induces differentiation of Flk-1-positive embryonic stem cells into vascular endothelial cells in vitro Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, April 1, 2005; 288(4): H1915 - H1924. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Sokabe, K. Yamamoto, N. Ohura, H. Nakatsuka, K. Qin, S. Obi, A. Kamiya, and J. Ando Differential regulation of urokinase-type plasminogen activator expression by fluid shear stress in human coronary artery endothelial cells Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, November 1, 2004; 287(5): H2027 - H2034. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. Shiratsuchi and M. D. Basson Extracellular pressure stimulates macrophage phagocytosis by inhibiting a pathway involving FAK and ERK Am J Physiol Cell Physiol, June 1, 2004; 286(6): C1358 - C1366. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Yamamoto, T. Takahashi, T. Asahara, N. Ohura, T. Sokabe, A. Kamiya, and J. Ando Proliferation, differentiation, and tube formation by endothelial progenitor cells in response to shear stress J Appl Physiol, November 1, 2003; 95(5): 2081 - 2088. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 I. R. Buschmann, H.-J. Busch, G. Mies, and K.-A. Hossmann Therapeutic Induction of Arteriogenesis in Hypoperfused Rat Brain Via Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor Circulation, August 5, 2003; 108(5): 610 - 615. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Yamamoto, T. Sokabe, N. Ohura, H. Nakatsuka, A. Kamiya, and J. Ando Endogenously released ATP mediates shear stress-induced Ca2+ influx into pulmonary artery endothelial cells Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, July 11, 2003; 285(2): H793 - H803. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Voskuil, N. van Royen, I. E. Hoefer, R. Seidler, B. D. Guth, C. Bode, W. Schaper, J. J. Piek, and I. R. Buschmann Modulation of collateral artery growth in a porcine hindlimb ligation model using MCP-1 Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, April 1, 2003; 284(4): H1422 - H1428. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. Inoue, Y. Taba, Y. Miwa, C. Yokota, M. Miyagi, and T. Sasaguri Transcriptional and Posttranscriptional Regulation of Cyclooxygenase-2 Expression by Fluid Shear Stress in Vascular Endothelial Cells Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, September 1, 2002; 22(9): 1415 - 1420. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Parenti, L. Brogelli, S. Filippi, S. Donnini, and F. Ledda Effect of hypoxia and endothelial loss on vascular smooth muscle cell responsiveness to VEGF-A: role of flt-1/VEGF-receptor-1 Cardiovasc Res, July 1, 2002; 55(1): 201 - 212. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Negishi, D. Lu, Y.-Q. Zhang, Y. Sawada, T. Sasaki, T. Kayo, J. Ando, T. Izumi, M. Kurabayashi, I. Kojima, et al. Upregulatory Expression of Furin and Transforming Growth Factor-{beta} by Fluid Shear Stress in Vascular Endothelial Cells Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, May 1, 2001; 21(5): 785 - 790. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. Korenaga, K. Yamamoto, N. Ohura, T. Sokabe, A. Kamiya, and J. Ando Sp1-mediated downregulation of P2X4 receptor gene transcription in endothelial cells exposed to shear stress Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, May 1, 2001; 280(5): H2214 - H2221. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K. Yamamoto, R. Korenaga, A. Kamiya, and J. Ando Fluid Shear Stress Activates Ca2+ Influx Into Human Endothelial Cells via P2X4 Purinoceptors Circ. Res., September 1, 2000; 87(5): 385 - 391. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Yamamoto, R. Korenaga, A. Kamiya, Z. Qi, M. Sokabe, and J. Ando P2X4 receptors mediate ATP-induced calcium influx in human vascular endothelial cells Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, July 1, 2000; 279(1): H285 - H292. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. M. Malek, S. L. Alper, and S. Izumo Hemodynamic Shear Stress and Its Role in Atherosclerosis JAMA, December 1, 1999; 282(21): 2035 - 2042. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. C. Spray Gap Junction Proteins : Where They Live and How They Die Circ. Res., September 21, 1998; 83(6): 679 - 681. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|