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(Circulation Research. 1997;81:627-635.)
© 1997 American Heart Association, Inc.


Articles

Dilated Cardiomyopathy in Transgenic Mice With Cardiac-Specific Overexpression of Tumor Necrosis Factor-{alpha}

Toru Kubota, Charles F. McTiernan, Carole S. Frye, Susan E. Slawson, Bonnie H. Lemster, Alan P. Koretsky, A. Jake Demetris, , Arthur M. Feldman

From the Cardiovascular Research Laboratories, the Division of Cardiology (T.K., C.F.M., C.S.F, B.H.L., A.M.F.) and the Division of Transplant Pathology (A.J.D.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, and the Biomedical Engineering Program and Pittsburgh NMR Center for Biomedical Research (S.E.S., A.P.K.), Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pa.

Correspondence to Arthur M. Feldman, MD, PhD, Division of Cardiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, 200 Lothrop St, S 572 Scaife Hall, Pittsburgh, PA 15213. E-mail feldma{at}card2.cath.upmc.edu

Abstract The failing human heart expresses tumor necrosis factor-{alpha} (TNF-{alpha}). However, its pathophysiological significance is not clear. We previously reported that robust overexpression of TNF-{alpha} in the murine heart causes lethal myocarditis. In this study, we modified the transgene to reduce the production of TNF-{alpha} by preserving the destabilizing sequence in TNF-{alpha} cDNA. Expression was driven by the murine {alpha}-myosin heavy chain promoter. Use of this modified construct allowed us to establish a murine transgenic line (TG). TG offspring were examined at 6, 12, and 24 weeks. All showed a significantly higher heart weight–to–body weight ratio. Northern blot analysis confirmed the expression of transgene in the heart, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay demonstrated the presence of TNF-{alpha} protein. The TG heart demonstrated a mild, diffuse, lymphohistiocytic interstitial inflammatory infiltrate. Cardiomyocyte necrosis and apoptosis were present but not abundant. Magnetic resonance imaging showed that the TG heart was significantly dilated with reduced ejection fraction. Although the left ventricular dP/dtmax was not different at baseline, its responsiveness to isoproterenol was significantly blunted in TG. Atrial natriuretic factor was expressed in the TG ventricle. A group of TG died spontaneously, and subsequent autopsies revealed exceptional dilatation of the heart, increased lung weight, and pleural effusion, suggesting that they died of congestive heart failure. The cumulative mortality rate at 6 months was 23%. In conclusion, the mouse overexpressing TNF-{alpha} recapitulated the phenotype of congestive heart failure. This provides a novel model to elucidate the role of this cytokine in the development of congestive heart failure.


Key Words: tumor necrosis factor-{alpha} • heart failure • transgenic mouse




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Physiol. GenomicsHome page
A. V. Finsen, P. R. Woldbaek, J. Li, J. Wu, T. Lyberg, T. Tonnessen, and G. Christensen
Increased syndecan expression following myocardial infarction indicates a role in cardiac remodeling
Physiol Genomics, February 13, 2004; 16(3): 301 - 308.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Am. J. Pathol.Home page
M. B. P. Soares, R. S. Lima, L. L. Rocha, C. M. Takyia, L. Pontes-de-Carvalho, A. C. Campos de Carvalho, and R. Ribeiro-dos-Santos
Transplanted Bone Marrow Cells Repair Heart Tissue and Reduce Myocarditis in Chronic Chagasic Mice
Am. J. Pathol., February 1, 2004; 164(2): 441 - 447.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol.Home page
Q. Wang, H. R. Brunner, and M. Burnier
Determination of cardiac contractility in awake unsedated mice with a fluid-filled catheter
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, February 1, 2004; 286(2): H806 - H814.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Ann. Thorac. Surg.Home page
A. M. Feldman
The emerging role of pharmacogenomics in the treatment of patients with heart failure
Ann. Thorac. Surg., December 1, 2003; 76(6): S2246 - 2253.
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Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USAHome page
J. F. Elliott, J. Liu, Z.-N. Yuan, N. Bautista-Lopez, S. L. Wallbank, K. Suzuki, D. Rayner, P. Nation, M. A. Robertson, G. Liu, et al.
Autoimmune cardiomyopathy and heart block develop spontaneously in HLA-DQ8 transgenic IA{beta} knockout NOD mice
PNAS, November 11, 2003; 100(23): 13447 - 13452.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USAHome page
J. J. Jacoby, A. Kalinowski, M.-G. Liu, S. S.-M. Zhang, Q. Gao, G.-X. Chai, L. Ji, Y. Iwamoto, E. Li, M. Schneider, et al.
Cardiomyocyte-restricted knockout of STAT3 results in higher sensitivity to inflammation, cardiac fibrosis, and heart failure with advanced age
PNAS, October 28, 2003; 100(22): 12929 - 12934.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Anesth. Analg.Home page
H. Tomasdottir, H. Hjartarson, A. Ricksten, C. Wasslavik, A. Bengtsson, and S.-E. Ricksten
Tumor Necrosis Factor Gene Polymorphism Is Associated with Enhanced Systemic Inflammatory Response and Increased Cardiopulmonary Morbidity After Cardiac Surgery
Anesth. Analg., October 1, 2003; 97(4): 944 - 949.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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CirculationHome page
Z. I. Dibbs, A. Diwan, S. Nemoto, G. DeFreitas, M. Abdellatif, B. A. Carabello, F. G. Spinale, G. Feuerstein, N. Sivasubramanian, and D. L. Mann
Targeted Overexpression of Transmembrane Tumor Necrosis Factor Provokes a Concentric Cardiac Hypertrophic Phenotype
Circulation, August 26, 2003; 108(8): 1002 - 1008.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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CirculationHome page
M. Flesch, A. Hoper, L. Dell'Italia, K. Evans, R. Bond, R. Peshock, A. Diwan, T. A. Brinsa, C.-C. Wei, N. Sivasubramanian, et al.
Activation and Functional Significance of the Renin-Angiotensin System in Mice With Cardiac Restricted Overexpression of Tumor Necrosis Factor
Circulation, August 5, 2003; 108(5): 598 - 604.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Am. J. Pathol.Home page
X. He, Y. Liu, V. Sharma, R. T. Dirksen, R. Waugh, S.-S. Sheu, and W. Min
ASK1 Associates with Troponin T and Induces Troponin T Phosphorylation and Contractile Dysfunction in Cardiomyocytes
Am. J. Pathol., July 1, 2003; 163(1): 243 - 251.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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CirculationHome page
E. S. Chung, M. Packer, K. H. Lo, A. A. Fasanmade, and J. T. Willerson
Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Pilot Trial of Infliximab, a Chimeric Monoclonal Antibody to Tumor Necrosis Factor-{alpha}, in Patients With Moderate-to-Severe Heart Failure: Results of the Anti-TNF Therapy Against Congestive Heart failure (ATTACH) Trial
Circulation, July 1, 2003; 107(25): 3133 - 3140.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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ANN INTERN MEDHome page
H. J. Kwon, T. R. Cote, M. S. Cuffe, J. M. Kramer, and M M. Braun
Case Reports of Heart Failure after Therapy with a Tumor Necrosis Factor Antagonist
Ann Intern Med, May 20, 2003; 138(10): 807 - 811.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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CirculationHome page
D. R. Murray and G. L. Freeman
Proinflammatory Cytokines: Predictors of a Failing Heart?
Circulation, March 25, 2003; 107(11): 1460 - 1462.
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ChestHome page
H. A. Malave, A. A. Taylor, J. Nattama, A. Deswal, and D. L. Mann
Circulating Levels of Tumor Necrosis Factor Correlate With Indexes of Depressed Heart Rate Variability: A Study in Patients With Mild-to-Moderate Heart Failure
Chest, March 1, 2003; 123(3): 716 - 724.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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CirculationHome page
H. Oral, N. Sivasubramanian, D. B. Dyke, R. H. Mehta, P. M. Grossman, K. Briesmiester, W. P. Fay, F. D. Pagani, S. F. Bolling, D. L. Mann, et al.
Myocardial Proinflammatory Cytokine Expression and Left Ventricular Remodeling in Patients With Chronic Mitral Regurgitation
Circulation, February 18, 2003; 107(6): 831 - 837.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol.Home page
B. London, L. C. Baker, J. S. Lee, V. Shusterman, B.-R. Choi, T. Kubota, C. F. McTiernan, A. M. Feldman, and G. Salama
Calcium-dependent arrhythmias in transgenic mice with heart failure
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, February 1, 2003; 284(2): H431 - H441.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol.Home page
Y. Machida, T. Kubota, N. Kawamura, H. Funakoshi, T. Ide, H. Utsumi, Y. Y. Li, A. M. Feldman, H. Tsutsui, H. Shimokawa, et al.
Overexpression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha increases production of hydroxyl radical in murine myocardium
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, February 1, 2003; 284(2): H449 - H455.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Physiol. Rev.Home page
D. L. Brutsaert
Cardiac Endothelial-Myocardial Signaling: Its Role in Cardiac Growth, Contractile Performance, and Rhythmicity
Physiol Rev, January 1, 2003; 83(1): 59 - 115.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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HeartHome page
P A Henriksen and D E Newby
Therapeutic inhibition of tumour necrosis factor {alpha} in patients with heart failure: cooling an inflamed heart
Heart, January 1, 2003; 89(1): 14 - 18.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol.Home page
C. Steenbergen, C. A. Afshari, J. G. Petranka, J. Collins, K. Martin, L. Bennett, A. Haugen, P. Bushel, and E. Murphy
Alterations in apoptotic signaling in human idiopathic cardiomyopathic hearts in failure
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, January 1, 2003; 284(1): H268 - H276.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Eur Heart J SupplHome page
M. Afanasyeva and N.R. Rose
Immune mediators in inflammatory heart disease: insights from a mouse model
Eur. Heart J. Suppl., December 1, 2002; 4(suppl_I): I31 - I36.
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Eur Heart J SupplHome page
S.B. Felix, A. Staudt, and G. Baumann
Immunoadsorption as a new therapeutic principle for treatment of dilated cardiomyopathy
Eur. Heart J. Suppl., December 1, 2002; 4(suppl_I): I63 - I68.
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Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
L. Fernandez-Celemin, N. Pasko, V. Blomart, and J.-P. Thissen
Inhibition of muscle insulin-like growth factor I expression by tumor necrosis factor-alpha
Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, December 1, 2002; 283(6): E1279 - E1290.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Circ. Res.Home page
D. L. Mann
Inflammatory Mediators and the Failing Heart: Past, Present, and the Foreseeable Future
Circ. Res., November 29, 2002; 91(11): 988 - 998.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol.Home page
P. C. Brum, J. Kosek, A. Patterson, D. Bernstein, and B. Kobilka
Abnormal cardiac function associated with sympathetic nervous system hyperactivity in mice
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, November 1, 2002; 283(5): H1838 - H1845.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Cardiovasc ResHome page
R. M Smith, S. Lecour, and M. N Sack
Innate immunity and cardiac preconditioning: a putative intrinsic cardioprotective program
Cardiovasc Res, August 15, 2002; 55(3): 474 - 482.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Cardiovasc ResHome page
R. M Smith, N. Suleman, J. McCarthy, and M. N Sack
Classic ischemic but not pharmacologic preconditioning is abrogated following genetic ablation of the TNF{alpha} gene
Cardiovasc Res, August 15, 2002; 55(3): 553 - 560.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol.Home page
H. L. Li, J. Suzuki, E. Bayna, F.-M. Zhang, E. Dalle Molle, A. Clark, R. L. Engler, and W. Y. W. Lew
Lipopolysaccharide induces apoptosis in adult rat ventricular myocytes via cardiac AT1 receptors
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, August 1, 2002; 283(2): H461 - H467.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Am. J. Pathol.Home page
M. Afanasyeva and N. R. Rose
Cardiomyopathy Is Linked to Complement Activation
Am. J. Pathol., August 1, 2002; 161(2): 351 - 357.
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Am. J. Pathol.Home page
T. P. Zwaka, D. Manolov, C. Ozdemir, N. Marx, Z. Kaya, M. Kochs, M. Hoher, V. Hombach, and J. Torzewski
Complement and Dilated Cardiomyopathy: A Role of Sublytic Terminal Complement Complex-Induced Tumor Necrosis Factor-{alpha} Synthesis in Cardiac Myocytes
Am. J. Pathol., August 1, 2002; 161(2): 449 - 457.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol.Home page
V. Shusterman, I. Usiene, C. Harrigal, J. S. Lee, T. Kubota, A. M. Feldman, and B. London
Strain-specific patterns of autonomic nervous system activity and heart failure susceptibility in mice
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, June 1, 2002; 282(6): H2076 - H2083.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol.Home page
H. Funakoshi, T. Kubota, Y. Machida, N. Kawamura, A. M. Feldman, H. Tsutsui, H. Shimokawa, and A. Takeshita
Involvement of inducible nitric oxide synthase in cardiac dysfunction with tumor necrosis factor-alpha
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, June 1, 2002; 282(6): H2159 - H2166.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]