This Article Full Text Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Request Permissions Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Fukui*, T. Articles by Griendling, K. K. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Fukui*, T. Articles by Griendling, K. K. Pubmed/NCBI databases Compound via MeSH Substance via MeSH Hazardous Substances DB HYDRALAZINE HYDROCHLORIDE LOSARTAN POTASSIUM

(Circulation Research. 1997;80:45-51.)
© 1997 American Heart Association, Inc.

Articles

p22phox mRNA Expression and NADPH Oxidase Activity Are Increased in Aortas From Hypertensive Rats

Toshiki Fukui, Nobukazu Ishizaka, Sanjay Rajagopalan, Jørn Bech Laursen, Quinn Capers, IV, W. Robert Taylor, David G. Harrison, Hector de Leon, Josiah N. Wilcox, Kathy K. Griendling

the Department of Medicine, Divisions of Cardiology (T.F., N.I., S.R., J.B.L., Q.C. IV, W.R.T., D.G.H., K.K.G.) and Hematology/Oncology (H. de L., J.N.W.), Emory University; The Atlanta Veteran's Affairs Medical Center (W.R.T., D.G.H.), Atlanta, Ga; and Medical Department B (J.B.L.), National University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Correspondence to Kathy K. Griendling, PhD, Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, 1639 Pierce Dr, 319 Woodruff Memorial Building, Atlanta, Ga 30322. E-mail kgriend@emory.edu

Recent studies suggest that superoxide production by the NADPH/NADH oxidase may be involved in smooth muscle cell growth and the pathogenesis of hypertension. We previously showed that angiotensin II (Ang II) activates a p22phox-based NADPH/NADH oxidase in cultured rat vascular smooth muscle cells and in animals made hypertensive by infusion of Ang II. To investigate the mechanism responsible for this increased oxidase activity, we examined p22phox mRNA expression in rats made hypertensive by implanting an osmotic minipump that delivered Ang II (0.7 mg/kg per day). Blood pressure began to increase 3 days after the start of Ang II infusion and remained elevated for up to 14 days. Expression of p22phox mRNA in aorta was also increased after 3 days and reached a maximum increase of 338±41% by 5 days after pump implantation compared with the value after sham operation. This increase in mRNA expression was accompanied by an increase in the content of the corresponding cytochrome (twofold) and NADPH oxidase activity (179±11% of that in sham-operated rats 5 days after pump implantation). Treatment with the antihypertensive agents losartan (25 mg/kg per day) or hydralazine (15 mg/kg per day) inhibited this upregulation of mRNA levels and activity. Furthermore, infusion of recombinant heparin-binding superoxide dismutase decreased both blood pressure and p22phox mRNA expression. In situ hybridization of aortic tissue showed that p22phox mRNA was expressed in medial smooth muscle as well as in the adventitia. These findings suggest that Ang II–induced hypertension activates the NADPH/NADH oxidase system by upregulating mRNA levels of one or several components of this oxidase system, including the p22phox, and that the NADPH/NADH oxidase system is associated with the pathology of hypertension in vivo.

Key Words: NADPH oxidase • p22phox • hypertension • angiotensin II • muscle, smooth, vascular

This article has been cited by other articles:

				C. Panico, Z. Luo, S. Damiano, F. Artigiano, P. Gill, and W. J. Welch Renal Proximal Tubular Reabsorption Is Reduced In Adult Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats: Roles of Superoxide and Na+/H+ Exchanger 3 Hypertension, December 1, 2009; 54(6): 1291 - 1297. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				B. D. Lamon, F. F. Zhang, N. Puri, S. V. Brodsky, M. S. Goligorsky, and A. Nasjletti Dual Pathways of Carbon Monoxide-Mediated Vasoregulation: Modulation by Redox Mechanisms Circ. Res., October 9, 2009; 105(8): 775 - 783. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				W. G. Mayhan, D. M. Arrick, G. M. Sharpe, and H. Sun Nitric oxide synthase-dependent responses of the basilar artery during acute infusion of nicotine Nicotine Tob Res, March 1, 2009; 11(3): 270 - 277. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				Q. Sun, P. Yue, Z. Ying, A. J. Cardounel, R. D. Brook, R. Devlin, J.-S. Hwang, J. L. Zweier, L. C. Chen, and S. Rajagopalan Air Pollution Exposure Potentiates Hypertension Through Reactive Oxygen Species-Mediated Activation of Rho/ROCK Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, October 1, 2008; 28(10): 1760 - 1766. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. B. Zemel and X. Sun Dietary Calcium and Dairy Products Modulate Oxidative and Inflammatory Stress in Mice and Humans J. Nutr., June 1, 2008; 138(6): 1047 - 1052. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				T. M. Paravicini and R. M. Touyz NADPH Oxidases, Reactive Oxygen Species, and Hypertension: Clinical implications and therapeutic possibilities Diabetes Care, February 1, 2008; 31(Supplement_2): S170 - S180. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				E. Grossman Does Increased Oxidative Stress Cause Hypertension? Diabetes Care, February 1, 2008; 31(Supplement_2): S185 - S189. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				G.-X. Zhang, X.-M. Lu, S. Kimura, and A. Nishiyama Role of mitochondria in angiotensin II-induced reactive oxygen species and mitogen-activated protein kinase activation Cardiovasc Res, November 1, 2007; 76(2): 204 - 212. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. L. Sartorio, D. Fraccarollo, P. Galuppo, M. Leutke, G. Ertl, I. Stefanon, and J. Bauersachs Mineralocorticoid Receptor Blockade Improves Vasomotor Dysfunction and Vascular Oxidative Stress Early After Myocardial Infarction Hypertension, November 1, 2007; 50(5): 919 - 925. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. P. Brandes Avoiding Vicious Circles: Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonism Prevents Vascular Oxidative Stress Early After Myocardial Infarction Hypertension, November 1, 2007; 50(5): 842 - 843. [Full Text] [PDF]

				H. Kobori, Y. Ozawa, R. Satou, A. Katsurada, K. Miyata, N. Ohashi, N. Hase, Y. Suzaki, C. D. Sigmund, and L. G. Navar Kidney-specific enhancement of ANG II stimulates endogenous intrarenal angiotensinogen in gene-targeted mice Am J Physiol Renal Physiol, September 1, 2007; 293(3): F938 - F945. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. J. Haurani and P. J. Pagano Adventitial fibroblast reactive oxygen species as autacrine and paracrine mediators of remodeling: Bellwether for vascular disease? Cardiovasc Res, September 1, 2007; 75(4): 679 - 689. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				L. Ding, A. Chapman, R. Boyd, and H. D. Wang ERK activation contributes to regulation of spontaneous contractile tone via superoxide anion in isolated rat aorta of angiotensin II-induced hypertension Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, June 1, 2007; 292(6): H2997 - H3005. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. M. Zemse, R. H. P. Hilgers, and R. C. Webb Interleukin-10 counteracts impaired endothelium-dependent relaxation induced by ANG II in murine aortic rings Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, June 1, 2007; 292(6): H3103 - H3108. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. H. P. Hilgers and R. C. Webb Reduced expression of SKCa and IKCa channel proteins in rat small mesenteric arteries during angiotensin II-induced hypertension Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, May 1, 2007; 292(5): H2275 - H2284. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. K. Bendall, R. Rinze, D. Adlam, A. L. Tatham, J. de Bono, and K. M. Channon Endothelial Nox2 Overexpression Potentiates Vascular Oxidative Stress and Hemodynamic Response to Angiotensin II: Studies in Endothelial-Targeted Nox2 Transgenic Mice Circ. Res., April 13, 2007; 100(7): 1016 - 1025. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. D. Widder, T. J. Guzik, C. F.H. Mueller, R. E. Clempus, H. H.H.W. Schmidt, S. I. Dikalov, K. K. Griendling, D. P. Jones, and D. G. Harrison Role of the Multidrug Resistance Protein-1 in Hypertension and Vascular Dysfunction Caused by Angiotensin II Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, April 1, 2007; 27(4): 762 - 768. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. Pacher, J. S. Beckman, and L. Liaudet Nitric Oxide and Peroxynitrite in Health and Disease Physiol Rev, January 1, 2007; 87(1): 315 - 424. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				F.-Y. Lin, Y.-H. Chen, J.-S. Tasi, J.-W. Chen, T.-L. Yang, H.-J. Wang, C.-Y. Li, Y.-L. Chen, and S.-J. Lin Endotoxin Induces Toll-Like Receptor 4 Expression in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells via NADPH Oxidase Activation and Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Signaling Pathways Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, December 1, 2006; 26(12): 2630 - 2637. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. Sarr, M. Chataigneau, S. Martins, C. Schott, J. El Bedoui, M.-H. Oak, B. Muller, T. Chataigneau, and V. B. Schini-Kerth Red wine polyphenols prevent angiotensin II-induced hypertension and endothelial dysfunction in rats: Role of NADPH oxidase Cardiovasc Res, September 1, 2006; 71(4): 794 - 802. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				T. M. Paravicini and R. M. Touyz Redox signaling in hypertension Cardiovasc Res, July 15, 2006; 71(2): 247 - 258. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				G. L. Baumbach, S. P. Didion, and F. M. Faraci Hypertrophy of Cerebral Arterioles in Mice Deficient in Expression of the Gene for CuZn Superoxide Dismutase Stroke, July 1, 2006; 37(7): 1850 - 1855. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				N. Ardanaz and P. J. Pagano Hydrogen peroxide as a paracrine vascular mediator: regulation and signaling leading to dysfunction. Experimental Biology and Medicine, March 1, 2006; 231(3): 237 - 251. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. A. Quyyumi Women and Ischemic Heart Disease: Pathophysiologic Implications From the Women's Ischemia Syndrome Evaluation (WISE) Study and Future Research Steps J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., February 7, 2006; 47(3_Suppl_S): S66 - S71. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				N. Ishizaka, K. Saito, I. Mori, G. Matsuzaki, M. Ohno, and R. Nagai Iron Chelation Suppresses Ferritin Upregulation and Attenuates Vascular Dysfunction in the Aorta of Angiotensin II-Infused Rats Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, November 1, 2005; 25(11): 2282 - 2288. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. Dikalova, R. Clempus, B. Lassegue, G. Cheng, J. McCoy, S. Dikalov, A. S. Martin, A. Lyle, D. S. Weber, D. Weiss, et al. Nox1 Overexpression Potentiates Angiotensin II-Induced Hypertension and Vascular Smooth Muscle Hypertrophy in Transgenic Mice Circulation, October 25, 2005; 112(17): 2668 - 2676. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. S. Wilcox Oxidative stress and nitric oxide deficiency in the kidney: a critical link to hypertension? Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, October 1, 2005; 289(4): R913 - R935. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				L. Gao, W. Wang, Y.-L. Li, H. D. Schultz, D. Liu, K. G. Cornish, and I. H. Zucker Simvastatin Therapy Normalizes Sympathetic Neural Control in Experimental Heart Failure: Roles of Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptors and NAD(P)H Oxidase Circulation, September 20, 2005; 112(12): 1763 - 1770. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				T. Munzel, A. Daiber, V. Ullrich, and A. Mulsch Vascular Consequences of Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase Uncoupling for the Activity and Expression of the Soluble Guanylyl Cyclase and the cGMP-Dependent Protein Kinase Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, August 1, 2005; 25(8): 1551 - 1557. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. Chalupsky and H. Cai Endothelial dihydrofolate reductase: Critical for nitric oxide bioavailability and role in angiotensin II uncoupling of endothelial nitric oxide synthase PNAS, June 21, 2005; 102(25): 9056 - 9061. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. Wesseling, D. A. Ishola Jr., J. A. Joles, H. A. Bluyssen, H. A. Koomans, and B. Braam Resistance to oxidative stress by chronic infusion of angiotensin II in mouse kidney is not mediated by the AT2 receptor Am J Physiol Renal Physiol, June 1, 2005; 288(6): F1191 - F1200. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. Akishita, K. Nagai, H. Xi, W. Yu, N. Sudoh, T. Watanabe, M. Ohara-Imaizumi, S. Nagamatsu, K. Kozaki, M. Horiuchi, et al. Renin-Angiotensin System Modulates Oxidative Stress-Induced Endothelial Cell Apoptosis in Rats Hypertension, June 1, 2005; 45(6): 1188 - 1193. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				W. Li, T. Asagami, H. Matsushita, K.-H. Lee, and P. S. Tsao Rosuvastatin Attenuates Monocyte-Endothelial Cell Interactions and Vascular Free Radical Production in Hypercholesterolemic Mice J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., May 1, 2005; 313(2): 557 - 562. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				N. Ishizaka, K. Saito, E. Noiri, M. Sata, H. Ikeda, A. Ohno, J. Ando, I. Mori, M. Ohno, and R. Nagai Administration of ANG II induces iron deposition and upregulation of TGF-{beta}1 mRNA in the rat liver Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, April 1, 2005; 288(4): R1063 - R1070. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. B. Anning, B. Coles, A. Bermudez-Fajardo, P. E.M. Martin, B. S. Levison, S. L. Hazen, C. D. Funk, H. Kuhn, and V. B. O'Donnell Elevated Endothelial Nitric Oxide Bioactivity and Resistance to Angiotensin-Dependent Hypertension in 12/15-Lipoxygenase Knockout Mice Am. J. Pathol., March 1, 2005; 166(3): 653 - 662. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				D. S. Weber, P. Rocic, A. M. Mellis, K. Laude, A. N. Lyle, D. G. Harrison, and K. K. Griendling Angiotensin II-induced hypertrophy is potentiated in mice overexpressing p22phox in vascular smooth muscle Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, January 1, 2005; 288(1): H37 - H42. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. T. Quinn and K. A. Gauss Structure and regulation of the neutrophil respiratory burst oxidase: comparison with nonphagocyte oxidases J. Leukoc. Biol., October 1, 2004; 76(4): 760 - 781. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				L. Jin, Z. Ying, and R. C. Webb Activation of Rho/Rho kinase signaling pathway by reactive oxygen species in rat aorta Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, October 1, 2004; 287(4): H1495 - H1500. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				E. L. Schiffrin and R. M. Touyz From bedside to bench to bedside: role of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in remodeling of resistance arteries in hypertension Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, August 1, 2004; 287(2): H435 - H446. [Full Text] [PDF]

				G. S. Jose, M. U. Moreno, S. Olivan, O. Beloqui, A. Fortuno, J. Diez, and G. Zalba Functional Effect of the p22phox -930A/G Polymorphism on p22phox Expression and NADPH Oxidase Activity in Hypertension Hypertension, August 1, 2004; 44(2): 163 - 169. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. C. Zimmerman, E. Lazartigues, R. V. Sharma, and R. L. Davisson Hypertension Caused by Angiotensin II Infusion Involves Increased Superoxide Production in the Central Nervous System Circ. Res., July 23, 2004; 95(2): 210 - 216. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				Z. Ungvari, A. Csiszar, P. M. Kaminski, M. S. Wolin, and A. Koller Chronic High Pressure-Induced Arterial Oxidative Stress: Involvement of Protein Kinase C-Dependent NAD(P)H Oxidase and Local Renin-Angiotensin System Am. J. Pathol., July 1, 2004; 165(1): 219 - 226. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. R. Sowers Insulin resistance and hypertension Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, May 1, 2004; 286(5): H1597 - H1602. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				X. Dai, J. J. Galligan, S. W. Watts, G. D. Fink, and D. L. Kreulen Increased O2{middle dot}- Production and Upregulation of ETB Receptors by Sympathetic Neurons in DOCA-Salt Hypertensive Rats Hypertension, May 1, 2004; 43(5): 1048 - 1054. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. Maytin, D. A. Siwik, M. Ito, L. Xiao, D. B. Sawyer, R. Liao, and W. S. Colucci Pressure Overload-Induced Myocardial Hypertrophy in Mice Does Not Require gp91phox Circulation, March 9, 2004; 109(9): 1168 - 1171. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. J. Khatri, C. Johnson, R. Magid, S. M. Lessner, K. M. Laude, S. I. Dikalov, D. G. Harrison, H.-J. Sung, Y. Rong, and Z. S. Galis Vascular Oxidant Stress Enhances Progression and Angiogenesis of Experimental Atheroma Circulation, February 3, 2004; 109(4): 520 - 525. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. Nishiyama, M. Yoshizumi, H. Hitomi, S. Kagami, S. Kondo, A. Miyatake, M. Fukunaga, T. Tamaki, H. Kiyomoto, M. Kohno, et al. The SOD Mimetic Tempol Ameliorates Glomerular Injury and Reduces Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Activity in Dahl Salt-Sensitive Rats J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., February 1, 2004; 15(2): 306 - 315. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. P. V Dantas, M. d. C. P Franco, M. M Silva-Antonialli, R. C.A Tostes, Z. B Fortes, D. Nigro, and M. H. C Carvalho Gender differences in superoxide generation in microvessels of hypertensive rats: role of NAD(P)H-oxidase Cardiovasc Res, January 1, 2004; 61(1): 22 - 29. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. Oparil, M. A. Zaman, and D. A. Calhoun Pathogenesis of Hypertension Ann Intern Med, November 4, 2003; 139(9): 761 - 776. [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. Fujii, L. Zhang, J. Igarashi, and H. Kosaka L-Arginine Reverses p47phox and gp91phox Expression Induced by High Salt in Dahl Rats Hypertension, November 1, 2003; 42(5): 1014 - 1020. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. K. Griendling and G. A. FitzGerald Oxidative Stress and Cardiovascular Injury: Part II: Animal and Human Studies Circulation, October 28, 2003; 108(17): 2034 - 2040. [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. Higashi, H. Shimokawa, T. Hattori, J. Hiroki, Y. Mukai, K. Morikawa, T. Ichiki, S. Takahashi, and A. Takeshita Long-Term Inhibition of Rho-Kinase Suppresses Angiotensin II-Induced Cardiovascular Hypertrophy in Rats In Vivo: Effect on Endothelial NAD(P)H Oxidase System Circ. Res., October 17, 2003; 93(8): 767 - 775. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				O. Jung, S. L. Marklund, H. Geiger, T. Pedrazzini, R. Busse, and R. P. Brandes Extracellular Superoxide Dismutase Is a Major Determinant of Nitric Oxide Bioavailability: In Vivo and Ex Vivo Evidence From ecSOD-Deficient Mice Circ. Res., October 3, 2003; 93(7): 622 - 629. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				D. Gregg, F. M. Rauscher, and P. J. Goldschmidt-Clermont Rac regulates cardiovascular superoxide through diverse molecular interactions: more than a binary GTP switch Am J Physiol Cell Physiol, October 1, 2003; 285(4): C723 - C734. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. Kitada, D. Koya, T. Sugimoto, M. Isono, S.-i. Araki, A. Kashiwagi, and M. Haneda Translocation of Glomerular p47phox and p67phox by Protein Kinase C-{beta} Activation Is Required for Oxidative Stress in Diabetic Nephropathy Diabetes, October 1, 2003; 52(10): 2603 - 2614. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. H. Sedeek, M. T. Llinas, H. Drummond, L. Fortepiani, S. R. Abram, B. T. Alexander, J. F. Reckelhoff, and J. P. Granger Role of Reactive Oxygen Species in Endothelin-Induced Hypertension Hypertension, October 1, 2003; 42(4): 806 - 810. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				G. E. Callera, R. M. Touyz, S. A. Teixeira, M. N. Muscara, M. H. C. Carvalho, Z. B. Fortes, D. Nigro, E. L. Schiffrin, and R. C. Tostes ETA Receptor Blockade Decreases Vascular Superoxide Generation in DOCA-Salt Hypertension Hypertension, October 1, 2003; 42(4): 811 - 817. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				Z. Ungvari, A. Csiszar, A. Huang, P. M. Kaminski, M. S. Wolin, and A. Koller High Pressure Induces Superoxide Production in Isolated Arteries Via Protein Kinase C-Dependent Activation of NAD(P)H Oxidase Circulation, September 9, 2003; 108(10): 1253 - 1258. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. Tepel Oxidative stress: does it play a role in the genesis of essential hypertension and hypertension of uraemia? Nephrol. Dial. Transplant., August 1, 2003; 18(8): 1439 - 1442. [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. Tepel Oxidative stress: does it play a role in the genesis of essential hypertension and hypertension of uraemia? Nephrol. Dial. Transplant., August 1, 2003; 18(88): 1439 - 1442. [Full Text]

				B. Lassegue and R. E. Clempus Vascular NAD(P)H oxidases: specific features, expression, and regulation Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, August 1, 2003; 285(2): R277 - R297. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				T. Inoguchi, T. Sonta, H. Tsubouchi, T. Etoh, M. Kakimoto, N. Sonoda, N. Sato, N. Sekiguchi, K. Kobayashi, H. Sumimoto, et al. Protein Kinase C-Dependent Increase in Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Production in Vascular Tissues of Diabetes: Role of Vascular NAD(P)H Oxidase J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., August 1, 2003; 14(90003): S227 - 232. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				T. Chabrashvili, C. Kitiyakara, J. Blau, A. Karber, S. Aslam, W. J. Welch, and C. S. Wilcox Effects of ANG II type 1 and 2 receptors on oxidative stress, renal NADPH oxidase, and SOD expression Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, July 1, 2003; 285(1): R117 - R124. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				D. G Harrison, Hua Cai, U. Landmesser, and K. K Griendling The Pickering Lecture British Hypertension Society, 10th September 2002: Interactions of angiotensin II with NAD(P)H oxidase, oxidant stress and cardiovascular disease Journal of Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System, June 1, 2003; 4(2): 51 - 61. [Abstract] [PDF]

				J. Liu, F. Yang, X.-P. Yang, M. Jankowski, and P. J. Pagano NAD(P)H Oxidase Mediates Angiotensin II-Induced Vascular Macrophage Infiltration and Medial Hypertrophy Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, May 1, 2003; 23(5): 776 - 782. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. Redon, M. R. Oliva, C. Tormos, V. Giner, J. Chaves, A. Iradi, and G. T. Saez Antioxidant Activities and Oxidative Stress Byproducts in Human Hypertension Hypertension, May 1, 2003; 41(5): 1096 - 1101. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. Avogaro, E. Pagnin, and L. Calo Monocyte NADPH Oxidase Subunit p22phox and Inducible Hemeoxygenase-1 Gene Expressions Are Increased in Type II Diabetic Patients: Relationship with Oxidative Stress J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., April 1, 2003; 88(4): 1753 - 1759. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. W. E. Rush, J. R. Turk, and M. H. Laughlin Exercise training regulates SOD-1 and oxidative stress in porcine aortic endothelium Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, April 1, 2003; 284(4): H1378 - H1387. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				F. E. Rey and P. J. Pagano The Reactive Adventitia: Fibroblast Oxidase in Vascular Function Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, December 1, 2002; 22(12): 1962 - 1971. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. Tojo, M. L. Onozato, N. Kobayashi, A. Goto, H. Matsuoka, and T. Fujita Angiotensin II and Oxidative Stress in Dahl Salt-Sensitive Rat With Heart Failure Hypertension, December 1, 2002; 40(6): 834 - 839. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. A. Hamilton, M. J. Brosnan, S. Al-Benna, G. Berg, and A. F. Dominiczak NAD(P)H Oxidase Inhibition Improves Endothelial Function in Rat and Human Blood Vessels Hypertension, November 1, 2002; 40(5): 755 - 762. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. Virdis, M. F. Neves, F. Amiri, E. Viel, R. M. Touyz, and E. L. Schiffrin Spironolactone Improves Angiotensin-Induced Vascular Changes and Oxidative Stress Hypertension, October 1, 2002; 40(4): 504 - 510. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				U. Landmesser, H. Cai, S. Dikalov, L. McCann, J. Hwang, H. Jo, S. M. Holland, and D. G. Harrison Role of p47phox in Vascular Oxidative Stress and Hypertension Caused by Angiotensin II Hypertension, October 1, 2002; 40(4): 511 - 515. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. Christ, J. Bauersachs, C. Liebetrau, M. Heck, A. Gunther, and M. Wehling Glucose Increases Endothelial-Dependent Superoxide Formation in Coronary Arteries by NAD(P)H Oxidase Activation: Attenuation by the 3-Hydroxy-3-Methylglutaryl Coenzyme A Reductase Inhibitor Atorvastatin Diabetes, August 1, 2002; 51(8): 2648 - 2652. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				L Van Heerebeek, C Meischl, W Stooker, C J L M Meijer, H W M Niessen, and D Roos NADPH oxidase(s): new source(s) of reactive oxygen species in the vascular system? J. Clin. Pathol., August 1, 2002; 55(8): 561 - 568. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. M. Touyz, X. Chen, F. Tabet, G. Yao, G. He, M. T. Quinn, P. J. Pagano, and E. L. Schiffrin Expression of a Functionally Active gp91phox-Containing Neutrophil-Type NAD(P)H Oxidase in Smooth Muscle Cells From Human Resistance Arteries: Regulation by Angiotensin II Circ. Res., June 14, 2002; 90(11): 1205 - 1213. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				H. Mollnau, M. Wendt, K. Szocs, B. Lassegue, E. Schulz, M. Oelze, H. Li, M. Bodenschatz, M. August, A. L. Kleschyov, et al. Effects of Angiotensin II Infusion on the Expression and Function of NAD(P)H Oxidase and Components of Nitric Oxide/cGMP Signaling Circ. Res., March 8, 2002; 90 (4): e58 - e65. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. Rathaus and J. Bernheim Oxygen species in the microvascular environment: regulation of vascular tone and the development of hypertension Nephrol. Dial. Transplant., February 1, 2002; 17(2): 216 - 221. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. Wassmann, U. Laufs, K. Muller, C. Konkol, K. Ahlbory, A. T. Baumer, W. Linz, M. Bohm, and G. Nickenig Cellular Antioxidant Effects of Atorvastatin In Vitro and In Vivo Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, February 1, 2002; 22(2): 300 - 305. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				Y. K. Kim, M.-S. Lee, S. M. Son, I. J. Kim, W. S. Lee, B. Y. Rhim, K. W. Hong, and C. D. Kim Vascular NADH Oxidase Is Involved in Impaired Endothelium-Dependent Vasodilation in OLETF Rats, a Model of Type 2 Diabetes Diabetes, February 1, 2002; 51(2): 522 - 527. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. Szocs, B. Lassegue, D. Sorescu, L. L. Hilenski, L. Valppu, T. L. Couse, J. N. Wilcox, M. T. Quinn, J.D. Lambeth, and K. K. Griendling Upregulation of Nox-Based NAD(P)H Oxidases in Restenosis After Carotid Injury Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, January 1, 2002; 22(1): 21 - 27. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				N. Ishizaka, T. Aizawa, M. Ohno, S.-i. Usui, I. Mori, S.-S. Tang, J. R. Ingelfinger, S. Kimura, and R. Nagai Regulation and Localization of HSP70 and HSP25 in the Kidney of Rats Undergoing Long-Term Administration of Angiotensin II Hypertension, January 1, 2002; 39(1): 122 - 128. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				G. Zalba, G. S. Jose, M. U. Moreno, M. A. Fortuno, A. Fortuno, F. J. Beaumont, and J. Diez Oxidative Stress in Arterial Hypertension: Role of NAD(P)H Oxidase Hypertension, December 1, 2001; 38(6): 1395 - 1399. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. A. Beswick, A. M. Dorrance, R. Leite, and R. C. Webb NADH/NADPH Oxidase and Enhanced Superoxide Production in the Mineralocorticoid Hypertensive Rat Hypertension, November 1, 2001; 38(5): 1107 - 1111. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. Silacci, A. Desgeorges, L. Mazzolai, C. Chambaz, and D. Hayoz Flow Pulsatility Is a Critical Determinant of Oxidative Stress in Endothelial Cells Hypertension, November 1, 2001; 38(5): 1162 - 1166. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. C. Lavigne, H. L. Malech, S. M. Holland, and T. L. Leto Genetic Demonstration of p47phox-Dependent Superoxide Anion Production in Murine Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Circulation, July 3, 2001; 104(1): 79 - 84. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				B. C. Berk Vascular Smooth Muscle Growth: Autocrine Growth Mechanisms Physiol Rev, July 1, 2001; 81(3): 999 - 1030. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. Wassmann, U. Laufs, A. T. Baumer, K. Muller, K. Ahlbory, W. Linz, G. Itter, R. Rosen, M. Bohm, and G. Nickenig HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors Improve Endothelial Dysfunction in Normocholesterolemic Hypertension via Reduced Production of Reactive Oxygen Species Hypertension, June 1, 2001; 37(6): 1450 - 1457. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				Y. Shi, R. Niculescu, D. Wang, S. Patel, K. L. Davenpeck, and A. Zalewski Increased NAD(P)H Oxidase and Reactive Oxygen Species in Coronary Arteries After Balloon Injury Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, May 1, 2001; 21(5): 739 - 745. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				G. Zalba, G. S. Jose, F. J. Beaumont, M. A. Fortuno, A. Fortuno, and J. Diez Polymorphisms and Promoter Overactivity of the p22phox Gene in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells From Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats Circ. Res., February 2, 2001; 88(2): 217 - 222. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				N. E. J. West, T. J. Guzik, E. Black, and K. M. Channon Enhanced Superoxide Production in Experimental Venous Bypass Graft Intimal Hyperplasia : Role of NAD(P)H Oxidase Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, February 1, 2001; 21(2): 189 - 194. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				H. P. Souza, F. R. M. Laurindo, R. C. Ziegelstein, C. O. Berlowitz, and J. L. Zweier Vascular NAD(P)H oxidase is distinct from the phagocytic enzyme and modulates vascular reactivity control Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, February 1, 2001; 280(2): H658 - H667. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. Nishiyama, T. Fukui, Y. Fujisawa, M. Rahman, R.-X. Tian, S. Kimura, and Y. Abe Systemic and Regional Hemodynamic Responses to Tempol in Angiotensin II-Infused Hypertensive Rats Hypertension, January 1, 2001; 37(1): 77 - 83. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				V. J. Thannickal and B. L. Fanburg Reactive oxygen species in cell signaling Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, December 1, 2000; 279(6): L1005 - L1028. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				H. Cai and D. G. Harrison Endothelial Dysfunction in Cardiovascular Diseases: The Role of Oxidant Stress Circ. Res., November 10, 2000; 87(10): 840 - 844. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. E. Cifuentes, F. E. Rey, O. A. Carretero, and P. J. Pagano Upregulation of p67phox and gp91phox in aortas from angiotensin II-infused mice Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, November 1, 2000; 279(5): H2234 - H2240. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. K. Griendling, D. Sorescu, B. Lassegue, and M. Ushio-Fukai Modulation of Protein Kinase Activity and Gene Expression by Reactive Oxygen Species and Their Role in Vascular Physiology and Pathophysiology Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, October 1, 2000; 20(10): 2175 - 2183. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				E. Bush, N. Maeda, W. A. Kuziel, T. C. Dawson, J. N. Wilcox, H. DeLeon, and W. R. Taylor CC Chemokine Receptor 2 Is Required for Macrophage Infiltration and Vascular Hypertrophy in Angiotensin II-Induced Hypertension Hypertension, September 1, 2000; 36(3): 360 - 363. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. M. Channon, H. Qian, and S. E. George Nitric Oxide Synthase in Atherosclerosis and Vascular Injury : Insights From Experimental Gene Therapy Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, August 1, 2000; 20(8): 1873 - 1881. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]