© 1996 American Heart Association, Inc.
Articles |
Heterogeneity of Expression of E- and P-Selectins In Vivo
the Department of Physiology and Biophysics (M.J.E., D.N.G.), Louisiana State University Medical Center, Shreveport; the Division of Inflammation/Autoimmune Diseases (B.W., M.A.L.), Hoffmann–La Roche Inc, Nutley, NJ; and Discovery Research (D.C.A.), Pharmacia and Upjohn Laboratories, Kalamazoo, Mich.
Correspondence to Michael J. Eppihimer, PhD, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, LSU Medical Center, 1501 Kings Hwy, Shreveport, LA 71130-3932. E-mail meppih@lsumc.edu.
A novel technique involving radiolabeled monoclonal antibodies was used to characterize and compare the expression of E- and P-selectin on unstimulated, histamine-challenged, and endotoxin-challenged endothelial cells in various tissues of the mouse. Under unstimulated conditions, E-selectin was absent in all organs, but significant expression of P-selectin was observed in several organs. Histamine induced a rapid time-dependent upregulation of P-selectin, with the largest responses observed in mesentery and lung. Significant fold elevations in P-selectin expression occurred as early as 5 minutes after the histamine injection and remained elevated up to 1 hour. Histamine-induced P-selectin upregulation was inhibited by the H1 receptor antagonist diphenhydramine, whereas the H2 receptor antagonist cimetidine had no effect. Endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide [LPS]) also induced a time-dependent expression of P-selectin that reached a maximum between 4 and 8 hours after endotoxin administration. LPS-induced upregulation of P-selectin was greatest in heart and stomach, which exhibited insignificant constitutive expression of P-selectin. LPS also induced a time-dependent upregulation of E-selectin, with maximal expression occurring 3 to 5 hours after intraperitoneal administration. The lung and small intestine exhibited the largest responses to LPS challenge. Histamine administration did not affect E-selectin expression in any tissue. E- and P-selectin–deficient mice were used to test the specificity of monoclonal antibody binding in unstimulated, histamine-challenged, and LPS-stimulated tissues. Vascular binding of the radiolabeled E-selectin and P-selectin monoclonal antibodies was not observed in the respective deficient mice. These findings suggest that P-selectin is constitutively expressed on vascular endothelium in some tissues of the mouse and that there are significant regional differences in the magnitude and time course of histamine- and endotoxin-induced P-selectin expression. In contrast, E-selectin appears to be absent on unstimulated vascular endothelium but is upregulated within 3 hours after the administration of endotoxin in most tissues.
Key Words: endothelium • adhesion molecule • selectin • leukocyte • inflammation
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M. J. Eppihimer, J. Russell, D. C. Anderson, C. J. Epstein, S. Laroux, and D. N. Granger Modulation of P-selectin expression in the postischemic intestinal microvasculature Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol, December 1, 1997; 273(6): G1326 - G1332. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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D. N. Granger II. Leukocyte-endothelial cell adhesion in the digestive system Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol, November 1, 1997; 273(5): G982 - G986. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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M. J. Eppihimer, J. Russell, D. C. Anderson, B. A. Wolitzky, and D. N. Granger Endothelial cell adhesion molecule expression in gene-targeted mice Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, October 1, 1997; 273(4): H1903 - H1908. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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D. D. Henninger, M. E. Gerritsen, and D. N. Granger Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor Knockout Mice Exhibit Exaggerated Microvascular Responses to Inflammatory Stimuli Circ. Res., August 19, 1997; 81(2): 274 - 281. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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