© 1996 American Heart Association, Inc.
Articles |
Developmental Remodeling of the Internal Elastic Lamina of Rabbit Arteries
Effect of Blood Flow
From the Department of Pathology, University of Toronto (Canada) and The Toronto Hospital.
Abstract We examined remodeling of the internal elastic lamina (IEL) of rabbit arteries from 3 to 23 weeks of age. The IELs were fenestrated at all ages; however, the sizes of the fenestrae increased dramatically during postnatal development. Mean areas occupied by the individual fenestrae of the carotid artery IEL increased from 11.3±0.7 µm2 in 3-week-old rabbits to 61.2±5.5 µm2 in adult rabbits. The estimated number of fenestrae per vessel also increased greatly, from 2.68x105 to 9.27x105; however, the increased number of fenestrae did not keep pace with growth of the artery, since fenestrae per square millimeter decreased by 26%. Large increases in the size of fenestrae were also observed in the renal and iliac arteries, although greater decreases in fenestrae per square millimeter occurred with age (70% in iliac arteries). Morphological assessments suggested that enlarging fenestrae frequently fuse with neighbors. By contrast with other arteries, the IEL of the abdominal aorta was not a continuous fenestrated sheet in young animals, perhaps reflecting the extensive remodeling that this vessel undergoes in the postnatal period. We decreased common carotid blood flow by 70% in 5 rabbits at 10 weeks of age by ligating the ipsilateral external carotid artery, and we approximately doubled blood flow in 5 others at the same age, by contralateral common carotid ligation. At 15 weeks of age, fenestrae in the artery carrying increased flow were 39% larger than fenestrae in the control artery, whereas fenestrae were 53.5% smaller after 70% decreases in flow (P<.05). We conclude that flow-dependent enlargement of fenestrae contributes to developmental remodeling of the IEL. Remodeling of the IEL may also have important implications for transport of materials and cell-cell communication between the intima and media.
Key Words: arterial growth • elastin • shear stress • fenestrae • arterial remodeling
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