© 1996 American Heart Association, Inc.
Articles |
Intracellular pH and Tyrosine Phosphorylation but Not Calcium Determine Shear Stress–Induced Nitric Oxide Production in Native Endothelial Cells
From Zentrum der Physiologie, Klinikum der J.W. Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt/Main, Germany.
Correspondence to Dr R. Busse, Zentrum der Physiologie, Klinikum der J.W. Goethe-Universität, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, D-60590 Frankfurt/Main, Germany.
Abstract Signaling pathways determining the shear stress–induced production of NO from endothelial cells in situ were investigated using a bioassay system in which shear stress was increased by inducing vasoconstriction in an endothelium-intact donor segment (rabbit iliac artery) while maintaining a constant luminal perfusion rate. Shear stress–induced NO production, as assessed by changes in the tone of a preconstricted endothelium-denuded detector ring, was biphasic and consisted of an initial transient (20- to 25-minute) Ca2+-dependent phase followed by a Ca2+-independent plateau phase, which was maintained as long as the donor segment remained constricted. Stretching the donor segments to their in vivo length abolished the initial phase without affecting the plateau phase of NO release. Inhibition of the Na+-H+ exchanger using HOE 694 elicited an intracellular acidification, which attenuated shear stress–induced NO production. The specific protein kinase C inhibitor, Ro 31-8220, was without effect, whereas the unspecific inhibitors, staurosporine and calphostin C, abolished the shear stress–induced production of NO. Erbstatin A, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, attenuated the shear stress–induced tyrosine phosphorylation of specific cellular proteins and abrogated the associated NO production. In summary, these data indicate that shear stress activates the NO synthase at basal levels of [Ca2+]i via a mechanotransduction cascade that involves tyrosine phosphorylation and can be modulated by changes in pHi. The apparent fundamental alteration of the endothelial NO synthase under shear stress that renders its maintained activation independent of an increase in [Ca2+]i is probably the consequence of a change in the enzyme microenvironment.
Key Words: NO synthase • tyrosine kinase • pHi • mechanotransduction in endothelial cells • protein kinase C
This article has been cited by other articles:
 |
|
 |
|
  S. A. Mendoza, J. Fang, D. D. Gutterman, D. A. Wilcox, A. H. Bubolz, R. Li, M. Suzuki, and D. X. Zhang TRPV4-mediated endothelial Ca2+ influx and vasodilation in response to shear stress Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, February 1, 2010; 298(2): H466 - H476. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Kapela, S. Nagaraja, and N. M. Tsoukias A mathematical model of vasoreactivity in rat mesenteric arterioles. II. Conducted vasoreactivity Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, January 1, 2010; 298(1): H52 - H65. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 B. Fisslthaler, A. E. Loot, A. Mohamed, R. Busse, and I. Fleming Inhibition of Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase Activity by Proline-Rich Tyrosine Kinase 2 in Response to Fluid Shear Stress and Insulin Circ. Res., June 20, 2008; 102(12): 1520 - 1528. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. Hong, D. Jaron, D. G. Buerk, and K. A. Barbee Transport-dependent calcium signaling in spatially segregated cellular caveolar domains Am J Physiol Cell Physiol, March 1, 2008; 294(3): C856 - C866. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Vercauteren, E. Remy, C. Devaux, B. Dautreaux, J.-P. Henry, F. Bauer, P. Mulder, C. Thuillez, V. Richard, R. Hooft van Huijsduijnen, et al. Response to Letter Regarding Article, "Improvement of Peripheral Endothelial Dysfunction by Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Inhibitors in Heart Failure" Circulation, June 26, 2007; 115(25): e649 - e649. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Vercauteren, E. Remy, C. Devaux, B. Dautreaux, J.-P. Henry, F. Bauer, P. Mulder, R. Hooft van Huijsduijnen, A. Bombrun, C. Thuillez, et al. Improvement of Peripheral Endothelial Dysfunction by Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Inhibitors in Heart Failure Circulation, December 5, 2006; 114(23): 2498 - 2507. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 N. Duerrschmidt, C. Stielow, G. Muller, P. J. Pagano, and H. Morawietz NO-mediated regulation of NAD(P)H oxidase by laminar shear stress in human endothelial cells J. Physiol., October 15, 2006; 576(2): 557 - 567. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Dixit, A. E. Loot, A. Mohamed, B. Fisslthaler, C. M. Boulanger, B. Ceacareanu, A. Hassid, R. Busse, and I. Fleming Gab1, SHP2, and Protein Kinase A Are Crucial for the Activation of the Endothelial NO Synthase by Fluid Shear Stress Circ. Res., December 9, 2005; 97(12): 1236 - 1244. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. Koshida, P. Rocic, S. Saito, T. Kiyooka, C. Zhang, and W. M. Chilian Role of Focal Adhesion Kinase in Flow-Induced Dilation of Coronary Arterioles Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, December 1, 2005; 25(12): 2548 - 2553. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. Fulton, J. E. Church, L. Ruan, C. Li, S. G. Sood, B. E. Kemp, I. G. Jennings, and R. C. Venema Src Kinase Activates Endothelial Nitric-oxide Synthase by Phosphorylating Tyr-83 J. Biol. Chem., October 28, 2005; 280(43): 35943 - 35952. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 I. Fleming, B. Fisslthaler, M. Dixit, and R. Busse Role of PECAM-1 in the shear-stress-induced activation of Akt and the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in endothelial cells J. Cell Sci., September 15, 2005; 118(18): 4103 - 4111. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Z.-G. Jin, C. Wong, J. Wu, and B. C. Berk Flow Shear Stress Stimulates Gab1 Tyrosine Phosphorylation to Mediate Protein Kinase B and Endothelial Nitric-oxide Synthase Activation in Endothelial Cells J. Biol. Chem., April 1, 2005; 280(13): 12305 - 12309. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Liu, S. Mather, Y. Huang, C. J. Garland, and X. Yao Extracellular ATP facilitates flow-induced vasodilatation in rat small mesenteric arteries Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, May 1, 2004; 286(5): H1688 - H1695. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. M. Tsoukias, M. Kavdia, and A. S. Popel A theoretical model of nitric oxide transport in arterioles: frequency- vs. amplitude-dependent control of cGMP formation Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, March 1, 2004; 286(3): H1043 - H1056. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y. C. Boo and H. Jo Flow-dependent regulation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase: role of protein kinases Am J Physiol Cell Physiol, September 1, 2003; 285(3): C499 - C508. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Z.-G. Jin, H. Ueba, T. Tanimoto, A. O. Lungu, M. D. Frame, and B. C. Berk Ligand-Independent Activation of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor 2 by Fluid Shear Stress Regulates Activation of Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase Circ. Res., August 22, 2003; 93(4): 354 - 363. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. M. Gifford, J. M. Cale, S. Tsoi, R. R. Magness, and I. M. Bird Pregnancy-Specific Changes in Uterine Artery Endothelial Cell Signaling in Vivo Are Both Programmed and Retained in Primary Culture Endocrinology, August 1, 2003; 144(8): 3639 - 3650. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Takahashi and M. E. Mendelsohn Calmodulin-dependent and -independent Activation of Endothelial Nitric-oxide Synthase by Heat Shock Protein 90 J. Biol. Chem., March 7, 2003; 278(11): 9339 - 9344. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. F. Davies, J. Zilberberg, and B. P. Helmke Spatial Microstimuli in Endothelial Mechanosignaling Circ. Res., March 7, 2003; 92(4): 359 - 370. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. Miura, J. J. Bosnjak, G. Ning, T. Saito, M. Miura, and D. D. Gutterman Role for Hydrogen Peroxide in Flow-Induced Dilation of Human Coronary Arterioles Circ. Res., February 7, 2003; 92 (2): e31 - e40. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. S. Bredt Nitric oxide signaling specificity -- the heart of the problem J. Cell Sci., January 1, 2003; 116(1): 9 - 15. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 I. Fleming and R. Busse Molecular mechanisms involved in the regulation of the endothelial nitric oxide synthase Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, January 1, 2003; 284(1): R1 - R12. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 G. E. Mann, D. L. Yudilevich, and L. Sobrevia Regulation of Amino Acid and Glucose Transporters in Endothelial and Smooth Muscle Cells Physiol Rev, January 1, 2003; 83(1): 183 - 252. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y. C. Boo, J. Hwang, M. Sykes, B. J. Michell, B. E. Kemp, H. Lum, and H. Jo Shear stress stimulates phosphorylation of eNOS at Ser635 by a protein kinase A-dependent mechanism Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, November 1, 2002; 283(5): H1819 - H1828. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. W. WYATT, J. R. STEINERT, C. P. D. WHEELER-JONES, A. J. MORGAN, D. SUGDEN, J. D. PEARSON, L. SOBREVIA, and G. E. MANN Early activation of the p42/p44MAPK pathway mediates adenosine-induced nitric oxide production in human endothelial cells: a novel calcium-insensitive mechanism FASEB J, October 1, 2002; 16(12): 1584 - 1594. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 X.L. Huang, D. El Kebir, A.S. De Buys Roessingh, J.C. Schneider, L. Jacob, J.C. Mercier, J. Dall'Ava-Santucci, and A.T. Dinh-Xuan Role of tyrosine phosphatase in the modulation of pulmonary vascular tone Eur. Respir. J., March 1, 2002; 19(3): 525 - 529. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Urbich, E. Dernbach, A. Reissner, M. Vasa, A. M. Zeiher, and S. Dimmeler Shear Stress-Induced Endothelial Cell Migration Involves Integrin Signaling Via the Fibronectin Receptor Subunits {alpha}5 and {beta}1 Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, January 1, 2002; 22(1): 69 - 75. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H.-L. Xu, D. L. Feinstein, R. A. Santizo, H. M. Koenig, and D. A. Pelligrino Agonist-specific differences in mechanisms mediating eNOS-dependent pial arteriolar dilation in rats Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, January 1, 2002; 282(1): H237 - H243. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. J. Gumina, J. Moore, P. Schelling, N. Beier, and G. J. Gross Na+/H+ exchange inhibition prevents endothelial dysfunction after I/R injury Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, September 1, 2001; 281(3): H1260 - H1266. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Z. Ungvari, D. Sun, A. Huang, G. Kaley, and A. Koller Role of endothelial [Ca2+]i in activation of eNOS in pressurized arterioles by agonists and wall shear stress Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, August 1, 2001; 281(2): H606 - H612. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
I. Fleming, B. Fisslthaler, S. Dimmeler, B. E. Kemp, and R. Busse Phosphorylation of Thr495 Regulates Ca2+/Calmodulin-Dependent Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase Activity Circ. Res., June 8, 2001; 88 (11): e68 - e75. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Schuster, H. Oishi, J.-L. Beny, N. Stergiopulos, and J.-J. Meister Simultaneous arterial calcium dynamics and diameter measurements: application to myoendothelial communication Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, March 1, 2001; 280(3): H1088 - H1096. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. Govers and T. J. Rabelink Cellular regulation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase Am J Physiol Renal Physiol, February 1, 2001; 280(2): F193 - F206. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K. M. Reber, G. M. Mager, C. E. Miller, and P. T. Nowicki Relationship between flow rate and NO production in postnatal mesenteric arteries Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol, January 1, 2001; 280(1): G43 - G50. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Lehoux, B. Esposito, R. Merval, L. Loufrani, and A. Tedgui Pulsatile Stretch-Induced Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase 1/2 Activation in Organ Culture of Rabbit Aorta Involves Reactive Oxygen Species Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, November 1, 2000; 20(11): 2366 - 2372. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. Kitayama, T. Kitazono, S. Ibayashi, M. Wakisaka, Y. Watanabe, M. Kamouchi, T. Nagao, M. Fujishima, and F. M. Faraci Role of Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase in Acetylcholine-Induced Dilatation of Rat Basilar Artery Editorial Comment Stroke, October 1, 2000; 31(10): 2487 - 2493. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
I. S. Wittstein, W. Qiu, R. C. Ziegelstein, Q. Hu, and D. A. Kass Opposite Effects of Pressurized Steady Versus Pulsatile Perfusion on Vascular Endothelial Cell Cytosolic pH : Role of Tyrosine Kinase and Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Signaling Circ. Res., June 23, 2000; 86(12): 1230 - 1236. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T. Matsuo Basal nitric oxide production is enhanced by hydraulic pressure in cultured human trabecular cells Br J Ophthalmol, June 1, 2000; 84(6): 631 - 635. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. P. Helmke, R. D. Goldman, and P. F. Davies Rapid Displacement of Vimentin Intermediate Filaments in Living Endothelial Cells Exposed to Flow Circ. Res., April 14, 2000; 86(7): 745 - 752. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Toporsian, K. Govindaraju, M. Nagi, D. Eidelman, G. Thibault, and M. E. Ward Downregulation of Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase in Rat Aorta After Prolonged Hypoxia In Vivo Circ. Res., March 31, 2000; 86(6): 671 - 675. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 H. Ikezaki, S. R. Akhter, D. Hong, H. Suzuki, X.-P. Gao, and I. Rubinstein Tyrosine kinase inhibitors modulate agonist-induced vasodilation in the hamster cheek pouch J Appl Physiol, March 1, 2000; 88(3): 857 - 862. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J D Pearson Normal endothelial cell function Lupus, March 1, 2000; 9(3): 183 - 188. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. S. Russell, M. P. Haynes, T. Caulin-Glaser, J. Rosneck, W. C. Sessa, and J. R. Bender Estrogen Stimulates Heat Shock Protein 90 Binding to Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase in Human Vascular Endothelial Cells. EFFECTS ON CALCIUM SENSITIVITY AND NO RELEASE J. Biol. Chem., February 18, 2000; 275(7): 5026 - 5030. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. Butt, M. Bernhardt, A. Smolenski, P. Kotsonis, L. G. Frohlich, A. Sickmann, H. E. Meyer, S. M. Lohmann, and H. H. H. W. Schmidt Endothelial Nitric-oxide Synthase (Type III) Is Activated and Becomes Calcium Independent upon Phosphorylation by Cyclic Nucleotide-dependent Protein Kinases J. Biol. Chem., February 18, 2000; 275(7): 5179 - 5187. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. J Andrew and B. Mayer Enzymatic function of nitric oxide synthases Cardiovasc Res, August 15, 1999; 43(3): 521 - 531. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
I. Fleming and R. Busse Signal transduction of eNOS activation Cardiovasc Res, August 15, 1999; 43(3): 532 - 541. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. M. Valdivielso, F. Perez-Barriocanal, J. Garcia-Estan, and J. M. Lopez-Novoa Role of nitric oxide in the early renal hemodynamic response after unilateral nephrectomy Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, June 1, 1999; 276(6): R1718 - R1723. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. M. Muller, M. J. Davis, L. Kuo, and W. M. Chilian Changes in coronary endothelial cell Ca2+ concentration during shear stress- and agonist-induced vasodilation Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, May 1, 1999; 276(5): H1706 - H1714. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. Ando, T. Kubin, W. Schaper, and J. Schaper Cardiac microvascular endothelial cells express alpha -smooth muscle actin and show low NOS III activity Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, May 1, 1999; 276(5): H1755 - H1768. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S.J. Millward-Sadler, M.O. Wright, H.-S. Lee, K. Nishida, H. Caldwell, G. Nuki, and D.M. Salter Integrin-regulated Secretion of Interleukin 4: A Novel Pathway of Mechanotransduction in Human Articular Chondrocytes J. Cell Biol., April 5, 1999; 145(1): 183 - 189. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L.-H. Yeh, Y. J. Park, R. J. Hansalia, I. S. Ahmed, S. S. Deshpande, P. J. Goldschmidt-Clermont, K. Irani, and B. R. Alevriadou Shear-induced tyrosine phosphorylation in endothelial cells requires Rac1-dependent production of ROS Am J Physiol Cell Physiol, April 1, 1999; 276(4): C838 - C847. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 I. Fleming, J. Bauersachs, A. Schafer, D. Scholz, J. Aldershvile, and R. Busse Isometric contraction induces the Ca2+-independent activation of the endothelial nitric oxide synthase PNAS, February 2, 1999; 96(3): 1123 - 1128. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. M. Black, J. R. Fineman, R. H. Steinhorn, J. Bristow, and S. J. Soifer Increased endothelial NOS in lambs with increased pulmonary blood flow and pulmonary hypertension Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, November 1, 1998; 275(5): H1643 - H1651. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
V. Rizzo, A. Sung, P. Oh, and J. E. Schnitzer Rapid Mechanotransduction in Situ at the Luminal Cell Surface of Vascular Endothelium and Its Caveolae J. Biol. Chem., October 9, 1998; 273(41): 26323 - 26329. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. V. Cutaia, N. Parks, J. Centracchio, S. Rounds, K. P. Yip, and A. M. Sun Effect of hypoxic exposure on Na+/H+ antiport activity, isoform expression, and localization in endothelial cells Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, September 1, 1998; 275(3): L442 - L451. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Maeda, T. Miyauchi, T. Kobayashi, K. Goto, and M. Matsuda Exercise causes tissue-specific enhancement of endothelin-1 mRNA expression in internal organs J Appl Physiol, August 1, 1998; 85(2): 425 - 431. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Y. Chin, C.-T. Wang, D. S. A. Majid, and L. G. Navar Renoprotective effects of nitric oxide in angiotensin II-induced hypertension in the rat Am J Physiol Renal Physiol, May 1, 1998; 274(5): F876 - F882. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
I. Fleming, J. Bauersachs, B. Fisslthaler, and R. Busse Ca2+-Independent Activation of the Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase in Response to Tyrosine Phosphatase Inhibitors and Fluid Shear Stress Circ. Res., April 6, 1998; 82(6): 686 - 695. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. Popp, I. Fleming, and R. Busse Pulsatile Stretch in Coronary Arteries Elicits Release of Endothelium-Derived Hyperpolarizing Factor : A Modulator of Arterial Compliance Circ. Res., April 6, 1998; 82(6): 696 - 703. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T. Kitazono, S. Ibayashi, T. Nagao, K. Fujii, T. Kagiyama, and M. Fujishima Role of Tyrosine Kinase in Dilator Responses of Rat Basilar Artery In Vivo Hypertension, March 1, 1998; 31(3): 861 - 865. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Godecke, U. K. M. Decking, Z. Ding, J. Hirchenhain, H.-J. Bidmon, S. Godecke, and J. Schrader Coronary Hemodynamics in Endothelial NO Synthase Knockout Mice Circ. Res., February 9, 1998; 82(2): 186 - 194. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Caulin-Glaser, G. Garcia-Cardena, P. Sarrel, W. C. Sessa, and J. R. Bender 17ß-Estradiol Regulation of Human Endothelial Cell Basal Nitric Oxide Release, Independent of Cytosolic Ca2+ Mobilization Circ. Res., November 19, 1997; 81(5): 885 - 892. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Hoyer, R. Kohler, and A. Distler Mechanosensitive Cation Channels in Aortic Endothelium of Normotensive and Hypertensive Rats Hypertension, July 1, 1997; 30(1): 112 - 119. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. A. Dora, M. P. Doyle, and B. R. Duling Elevation of intracellular calcium in smooth muscle causes endothelial cell generation of NO in arterioles PNAS, June 10, 1997; 94(12): 6529 - 6534. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 H. Karaki, H. Ozaki, M. Hori, M. Mitsui-Saito, K.-I. Amano, K.-I. Harada, S. Miyamoto, H. Nakazawa, K.-J. Won, and K. Sato Calcium Movements, Distribution, and Functions in Smooth Muscle Pharmacol. Rev., June 1, 1997; 49(2): 157 - 230. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. Garcia-Cardena, R. Fan, D. F. Stern, J. Liu, and W. C. Sessa Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase Is Regulated by Tyrosine Phosphorylation and Interacts with Caveolin-1 J. Biol. Chem., November 1, 1996; 271(44): 27237 - 27240. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. A. Corson, N. L. James, S. E. Latta, R. M. Nerem, B. C. Berk, and D. G. Harrison Phosphorylation of Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase in Response to Fluid Shear Stress Circ. Res., November 1, 1996; 79(5): 984 - 991. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. F. Davies NO Flow Helps Clear Murky Waters? Circ. Res., May 1, 1996; 78(5): 945 - 946. [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. B. Al-Mehdi, C. Song, K. Tozawa, and A. B. Fisher Ca2+- and Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase-dependent Nitric Oxide Generation in Lung Endothelial Cells in Situ with Ischemia J. Biol. Chem., December 15, 2000; 275(51): 39807 - 39810. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Z. Radisavljevic, H. Avraham, and S. Avraham Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Up-regulates ICAM-1 Expression via the Phosphatidylinositol 3 OH-kinase/AKT/Nitric Oxide Pathway and Modulates Migration of Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells J. Biol. Chem., June 30, 2000; 275(27): 20770 - 20774. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|