© 1996 American Heart Association, Inc.
Articles |
SM22
, a Marker of Adult Smooth Muscle, Is Expressed in Multiple Myogenic Lineages During Embryogenesis
From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston.
Correspondence to Dr Eric N. Olson, Hamon Center for Basic Cancer Research, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX 75235-9148.
Abstract SM22
is a calponin-related protein that is
expressed specifically in adult smooth muscle. To begin to define the
mechanisms that regulate the establishment of the smooth muscle
lineage, we analyzed the expression pattern of the SM22 gene
during mouse embryogenesis. In situ hybridization demonstrated that
SM22 transcripts were first expressed in vascular smooth muscle
cells at about embryonic day (E) 9.5 and thereafter continued to be
expressed in all smooth muscle cells into adulthood. In contrast to its
smooth muscle specificity in adult tissues, SM22 was expressed
transiently in the heart between E8.0 and E12.5 and in skeletal muscle
cells in the myotomal compartment of the somites between E9.5 and
E12.5. The expression of SM22 in smooth muscle cells, as well as
early cardiac and skeletal muscle cells, suggests that there may be
commonalities between the regulatory programs that direct
muscle-specific gene expression in these three myogenic cell types.
Key Words: SM22 • cardiovascular development • smooth muscle cells • myogenic lineages
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M. B. Hautmann, C. S. Madsen, and G. K. Owens A Transforming Growth Factor beta (TGFbeta ) Control Element Drives TGFbeta -induced Stimulation of Smooth Muscle alpha -Actin Gene Expression in Concert with Two CArG Elements J. Biol. Chem., April 18, 1997; 272(16): 10948 - 10956. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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C. Biben, S. Palmer, D.A. Elliott, and R.P. Harvey Homeobox Genes and Heart Development Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol, January 1, 1997; 62(0): 395 - 403. [Abstract] [PDF]
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J. M. Miano and E. N. Olson Expression of the Smooth Muscle Cell Calponin Gene Marks the Early Cardiac and Smooth Muscle Cell Lineages during Mouse Embryogenesis J. Biol. Chem., March 22, 1996; 271(12): 7095 - 7103. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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H Moessler, M Mericskay, Z Li, S Nagl, D Paulin, and J. Small The SM 22 promoter directs tissue-specific expression in arterial but not in venous or visceral smooth muscle cells in transgenic mice Development, January 8, 1996; 122(8): 2415 - 2425. [Abstract] [PDF]
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P. J. Adam, C. P. Regan, M. B. Hautmann, and G. K. Owens Positive- and Negative-acting Kruppel-like Transcription Factors Bind a Transforming Growth Factor beta Control Element Required for Expression of the Smooth Muscle Cell Differentiation Marker SM22alpha in Vivo J. Biol. Chem., November 22, 2000; 275(48): 37798 - 37806. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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P. S. Chang, L. Li, J. McAnally, and E. N. Olson Muscle Specificity Encoded by Specific Serum Response Factor-binding Sites J. Biol. Chem., May 11, 2001; 276(20): 17206 - 17212. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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M. Strobeck, S. Kim, J. C. L. Zhang, C. Clendenin, K. L. Du, and M. S. Parmacek Binding of Serum Response Factor to CArG Box Sequences Is Necessary but Not Sufficient to Restrict Gene Expression to Arterial Smooth Muscle Cells J. Biol. Chem., May 4, 2001; 276(19): 16418 - 16424. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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S. Beqaj, S. Jakkaraju, R. R. Mattingly, D. Pan, and L. Schuger High RhoA activity maintains the undifferentiated mesenchymal cell phenotype, whereas RhoA down-regulation by laminin-2 induces smooth muscle myogenesis J. Cell Biol., March 4, 2002; 156(5): 893 - 903. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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J. M. Miano, C. M. Kitchen, J. Chen, K. M. Maltby, L. A. Kelly, H. Weiler, R. Krahe, L. K. Ashworth, and E. Garcia Expression of human smooth muscle calponin in transgenic mice revealed with a bacterial artificial chromosome Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, May 1, 2002; 282(5): H1793 - H1803. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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T. Imai, T. Morita, T. Shindo, R. Nagai, Y. Yazaki, H. Kurihara, M. Suematsu, and S. Katayama Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell-Directed Overexpression of Heme Oxygenase-1 Elevates Blood Pressure Through Attenuation of Nitric Oxide-Induced Vasodilation in Mice Circ. Res., July 6, 2001; 89(1): 55 - 62. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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P. Qiu and L. Li Histone Acetylation and Recruitment of Serum Responsive Factor and CREB-Binding Protein Onto SM22 Promoter During SM22 Gene Expression Circ. Res., May 3, 2002; 90(8): 858 - 865. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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