© 1995 American Heart Association, Inc.
Articles |
Exercise Training Augments Flow-Dependent Dilation in Rat Skeletal Muscle Arterioles
Role of Endothelial Nitric Oxide and Prostaglandins
From the Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY.
Correspondence to Akos Koller, MD, Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595.
Abstract We aimed to test the hypothesis that as a
consequence of short-term daily exercise, flow (shear
stress)–dependent dilation and its mediation by the endothelium are
altered in skeletal muscle arterioles. After initial familiarization
with the protocol, rats ran on a treadmill once a day (with gradually
increasing intensity up to 40 minutes and 28 m/min) for 
3 weeks (EX
group); a control group remained sedentary (SED group). The active
(internal) diameters of isolated gracilis muscle arterioles of SED and
EX rats at 80 mm Hg were significantly different (55.2±2.1 and
49.3±2.0 µm, P<.05), and their passive diameters (in
Ca2+-free solution) were 105.3±3.1 and 111.2±2.4
µm (not significantly different), respectively. Increases in flow of
the perfusion solution from 0 to 12 µL/min elicited a significantly
greater increase in diameter of EX arterioles (by 83.5% at maximum
flow). This enhanced sensitivity maintained a lower shear stress in EX
arterioles (15 to 20 dyne/cm2) compared with SED arterioles
(25 to 35 dyne/cm2). In both SED and EX arterioles,
flow-dependent dilation was eliminated after removal of the
endothelium. Either
N
-nitro-L-arginine, a nitric
oxide synthase inhibitor, or indomethacin, an inhibitor of
prostaglandin synthesis, shifted the flow-diameter and calculated wall
shear stress–diameter curves significantly to the right. Each of the
inhibitors reduced flow-dependent dilation to a similar degree (40%
to 45%); their combined administration nearly completely eliminated
the dilation of arterioles of both SED and EX rats. Thus, we conclude
that the sensitivity of gracilis muscle arterioles of rats to wall
shear stress is upregulated after short-term daily exercise, resulting
in an augmented dilator response that is due to an increased release of
both endothelium-derived nitric oxide and
prostaglandins.
Key Words: isolated microvessels • gracilis muscle • prostaglandins • nitric oxide • wall shear stress
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