© 1995 American Heart Association, Inc.
Articles |
Heparin Increases Exercise-Induced Collateral Blood Flow in Rats With Femoral Artery Ligation
From the Department of Physiology, State University of New York, Health Science Center at Syracuse and the Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy (R.W.O.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston.
Correspondence to Dr Ronald L. Terjung, Department of Physiology, SUNY-HSC at Syracuse, 766 Irving Ave, Syracuse, NY 13210.
Abstract The potential for heparin to enhance the
training-induced increase in collateral-dependent blood flow to the
distal hind-limb muscles was evaluated after bilateral femoral artery
ligation in adult male rats (
350 g). Rats received either saline
(n=34) or heparin (n=36) injections and were kept sedentary (limited to
cage activity) or exercised on a treadmill 5 days per week up a 15%
incline by one of two protocols: (1) exercise at a constant moderate
speed (20 m/min) for 6 wks or (2) exercise at a progressively
increased speed for 7 to 8 weeks (started at 20 m/min, increased at 15
minutes to 25 m/min, and then increased at 30 minutes to 30 m/min).
Heparin- and saline-treated rats, exercised by the moderate-speed
protocol, were run for the same time each day. Collateral-dependent
blood flow to the distal limb tissue was determined by using 15-µm
85Sr-labeled microspheres in an isolated hindquarter
preparation perfused in the descending aorta at 100 mm Hg. For
comparison with the above groups, sedentary animals with acute femoral
artery ligation and without femoral obstruction were included. Exercise
tolerance increased from 7 minutes initially to 30 to 40 minutes per
bout; tolerance was greater in the heparin-injected rats than in the
saline-injected rats (P<.05). Muscle performance of the
gastrocnemius-plantaris-soleus muscle group (GPS) during isometric
contractions in situ improved with training, was further increased by
heparin administration (P<.001), and generally scaled with
recovery of blood flow. Collateral-dependent blood flow in the GPS of
the heparin-injected exercised groups (40±4 and 56±3 mL/min per 100
g) was greater than that in the saline-injected exercised groups (19±3
and 30±5 mL/min per 100 g), and blood flow in both of these groups was
greater than that in the sedentary groups (14±4 and 12±2 mL/min per
100 g) (P<.005). Heparin injections did not alter
collateral-dependent blood flow in the absence of exercise training.
Thus, exercise appears to impart an essential stimulus for collateral
vessel development that is enhanced by heparin administration.
Key Words: angiogenesis • intermittent claudication • muscle contraction • microspheres • muscle fiber type
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