Circulation Research, Vol 74, 945-951, Copyright © 1994 by American Heart Association

ARTICLES

Measurement of renal perfusion and blood flow with fast computed tomography

MD Bentley, LO Lerman, EA Hoffman, MJ Fiksen-Olsen, EL Ritman and JC Romero
Department of Biological Sciences (M.D.B.), Mankato State University, Minn.

Fast computed tomography (CT) is one of the few methods available to measure cortical and medullary renal blood flow (RBF) directly. Because these measurements are complicated by passage of the contrast medium into extravascular compartments, we used the residual opacity following the vascular blush as an index to account for extravascular iohexol. Kidneys of anesthetized dogs were examined in situ by fast CT following intra-aortic injections of iohexol. Perfusion was analyzed during a control period and three subsequent periods in which RBF was reduced by 10%, 30%, and 50%. Cortical microvascular distribution volume changed from 19.7 +/- 2.8% to 19.8 +/- 1.7%, 15.3 +/- 1.2%, and 9.9 +/- 1.7%, respectively, without significant alterations in cortical mean transit time. Microvascular distribution volume was divided by mean transit time to determine tissue perfusion. Cortical perfusion changed from 3.8 +/- 0.7 to 3.9 +/- 0.6, 3.1 +/- 0.5, and 2.2 +/- 0.5 mL.min-1.mL tissue- 1. Total cortical blood flow (cortical perfusion multiplied by cortical volume) decreased from 164 +/- 32 to 159 +/- 31, 117 +/- 20, and 86 +/- 22 mL/min, respectively. Medullary microvascular distribution volume, mean transit time, perfusion, and total blood flow remained unchanged. Fast CT-determined total RBFs (cortex plus medulla) were similar to simultaneous electromagnetic flow measurements. These results indicate that renal regional perfusion is more dependent on the microvascular distribution volume than mean transit time and that variations in renal tissue perfusion with reduction of RBF are more apparent in the cortex than in the medulla.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				A. Gupta, B. Gerlitz, M. A. Richardson, C. Bull, D. T. Berg, S. Syed, E. J. Galbreath, B. A. Swanson, B. E. Jones, and B. W. Grinnell Distinct Functions of Activated Protein C Differentially Attenuate Acute Kidney Injury J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., February 1, 2009; 20(2): 267 - 277. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				L. Warner, S. I. Gomez, R. Bolterman, J. A. Haas, M. D. Bentley, L. O. Lerman, and J. C. Romero Regional decreases in renal oxygenation during graded acute renal arterial stenosis: a case for renal ischemia Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, January 1, 2009; 296(1): R67 - R71. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				E. Daghini, A. N. Primak, A. R. Chade, J. D. Krier, X.-Y. Zhu, E. L. Ritman, C. H. McCollough, and L. O. Lerman Assessment of Renal Hemodynamics and Function in Pigs with 64-Section Multidetector CT: Comparison with Electron-Beam CT Radiology, May 1, 2007; 243(2): 405 - 412. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				D. Chon, K. C. Beck, R. L. Larsen, H. Shikata, and E. A. Hoffman Regional pulmonary blood flow in dogs by 4D-X-ray CT J Appl Physiol, November 1, 2006; 101(5): 1451 - 1465. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				E. A. Hoffman, B. A. Simon, and G. McLennan State of the Art. A Structural and Functional Assessment of the Lung via Multidetector-Row Computed Tomography: Phenotyping Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Proceedings of the ATS, August 1, 2006; 3(6): 519 - 532. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				X.-Y. Zhu, A. R. Chade, M. Rodriguez-Porcel, M. D. Bentley, E. L. Ritman, A. Lerman, and L. O. Lerman Cortical Microvascular Remodeling in the Stenotic Kidney: Role of Increased Oxidative Stress Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, October 1, 2004; 24(10): 1854 - 1859. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. D. Bentley, M. C. Ortiz, E. L. Ritman, and J. C. Romero The use of microcomputed tomography to study microvasculature in small rodents Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, May 1, 2002; 282(5): R1267 - R1279. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. Wei, E. Le, J.-P. Bin, M. Coggins, J. Thorpe, and S. Kaul Quantification of renal blood flow with contrast-enhanced ultrasound J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., March 15, 2001; 37(4): 1135 - 1140. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. Garcia-Sanz, A. Rodriguez-Barbero, M. D. Bentley, E. L. Ritman, and J. C. Romero Three-Dimensional Microcomputed Tomography of Renal Vasculature in Rats Hypertension, January 1, 1998; 31(1): 440 - 444. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				H. R. Middlekauff, E. U. Nitzsche, M. A. Hamilton, H. R. Schelbert, G. C. Fonarow, J. D. Moriguchi, A. Hage, S. Saleh, and G. G. Gibbs Evidence for Preserved Cardiopulmonary Baroreflex Control of Renal Cortical Blood Flow in Humans With Advanced Heart Failure : A Positron Emission Tomography Study Circulation, August 1, 1995; 92(3): 395 - 401. [Abstract] [Full Text]