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(Circulation Research. 2008;103:751.)
© 2008 American Heart Association, Inc.

Integrative Physiology

Coadministration of Endothelial and Smooth Muscle Progenitor Cells Enhances the Efficiency of Proangiogenic Cell-Based Therapy

Philippe Foubert, Gianfranco Matrone, Boussad Souttou, Carole Leré-Déan, Véronique Barateau, Jean Plouët, Sophie Le Ricousse-Roussanne, Bernard I. Lévy, Jean-Sébastien Silvestre, Gérard Tobelem

From the Institut des Vaisseaux et du Sang (P.F., B.S., C.L.-D., J.P., S.L.R.-R., G.T.), Paris; and Cardiovascular Research Center (J.-S.S., G.M., V.B., J.P., B.I.L.), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Lariboisière U689, Université Paris 7, Hôpital Lariboisière, Paris, France.

Correspondence to Gérard Tobelem, Institut des Vaisseaux et du Sang, 8 rue Guy Patin, 75475 Paris Cedex 10, France. E-mail gerard.tobelem{at}lrb.aphp.fr

Cell-based therapy is a promising approach designed to enhance neovascularization and function of ischemic tissues. Interaction between endothelial and smooth muscle cells regulates vessels development and remodeling and is required for the formation of a mature and functional vascular network. Therefore, we assessed whether coadministration of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and smooth muscle progenitor cells (SMPCs) can increase the efficiency of cell therapy. Unilateral hindlimb ischemia was surgically induced in athymic nude mice treated with or without intravenous injection of EPCs (0.5x10⁶), SMPCs (0.5x10⁶) and EPCs+SMPCs (0.25x10⁶+0.25x10⁶). Vessel density and foot perfusion were increased in mice treated with EPCs+SMPCs compared to animals receiving EPCs alone or SMPCs alone (P<0.001). In addition, capillary and arteriolar densities were enhanced in EPC+SMPC–treated mice compared to SMPC and EPC groups (P<0.01). We next examined the role of Ang-1/Tie2 signaling in the beneficial effect of EPC and SMPC coadministration. Small interfering RNA directed against Ang-1–producing SMPCs or Tie2-expressing EPCs blocked vascular network formation in Matrigel coculture assays, reduced the rate of incorporated EPCs within vascular structure, and abrogated the efficiency of cell therapy. Production of Ang-1 by SMPCs activates Tie2-expressing EPCs, resulting in increase of EPC survival and formation of a stable vascular network. Subsequently, the efficiency of EPC- and SMPC-based cotherapy is markedly increased. Therefore, coadministration of different types of vascular progenitor cells may constitute a novel therapeutic strategy for improving the treatment of ischemic diseases.

Key Words: angiogenesis • progenitor cells • ischemia • angiopoietin-1 • Tie2

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