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(Circulation Research. 2008;103:343.)
© 2008 American Heart Association, Inc.

Review

Crosstalk Between Autophagy and Apoptosis in Heart Disease

Kazuhiko Nishida, Osamu Yamaguchi, Kinya Otsu

From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan.

Correspondence to Kinya Otsu, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan. E-mail kotsu{at}medone.med.osaka-u.ac.jp

This Review is part of a thematic series on Autophagy, which includes the following articles:

Crosstalk Between Autophagy and Apoptosis in Heart Disease

Autophagy in Ischemic Heart Disease Cardiomyocyte Autophagy in Load-Induced Heart Disease Autophagy and Atherosclerosis Molecular Mechanisms of Autophagy
Joseph A. Hill Guest Editor

Autophagy is a cell survival mechanism that involves degradation and recycling of cytoplasmic components, such as long-lived proteins and organelles. In addition, autophagy mediates cell death under specific circumstances. Apoptosis, a form of programmed cell death, has been well characterized, and the molecular events involved in apoptotic death are well understood. Damaged cardiomyocytes that show characteristics of autophagy have been observed during heart failure. However, it remains unclear whether autophagy is a sign of failed cardiomyocyte repair or is a suicide pathway for the failing cardiomyocytes. Although autophagy and apoptosis are markedly different processes, several pathways regulate both autophagic and apoptotic machinery and autophagy can cooperate with apoptosis. This review summarizes the evidence for crosstalk between autophagy and apoptosis.

Key Words: autophagy • apoptosis • cell survival • cell death • heart failure

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