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(Circulation Research. 2007;100:50.)
© 2007 American Heart Association, Inc.

Molecular Medicine

Critical Role for FoxO3a-Dependent Regulation of p21^CIP1/WAF1 in Response to Statin Signaling in Cardiac Myocytes

Ludger Hauck, Christoph Harms, Daniela Grothe, Junfeng An, Karen Gertz, Golo Kronenberg, Rainer Dietz, Matthias Endres, Rüdiger von Harsdorf

From the University Health Network (L.H., D.G., R.v.H.), Toronto, Canada; Department of Neurology, Campus Mitte (C.H., K.G., G.K., M.E.), and Department of Cardiology, Campus Virchow Clinic (J.A., R.D.), Charitè, Humboldt University, Berlin; and the Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (J.A., R.D.), Berlin, Germany.

Correspondence to Rüdiger von Harsdorf, MD, University Health Network, MaRS 3-908, 200 Elizabeth St, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2C4, Canada. E-mail rudiger.vonharsdorf{at}uhn.on.ca

Statins are widely used clinical drugs that exert beneficial growth-suppressive effects in patients with cardiac hypertrophy. We investigated the role of the cell cycle inhibitor p21^CIP1/WAF1 (p21) in statin-dependent inhibition of hypertrophic growth in postmitotic cardiomyocytes. We demonstrate that lovastatin fails to inhibit cardiac hypertrophy to angiotensin II in p21^–/– mice and that reconstitution of p21 function by TAT.p21 protein transduction can rescue statin action in these otherwise normally developed animals. Lovastatin specifically recruits the forkhead box FoxO3a transcription factor to the p21 promoter, mediating transcriptional transactivation of the p21 gene as analyzed in isolated primary cardiomyocytes. Lovastatin also stimulates protein kinase B/Akt kinase activity, and Akt-dependent phosphorylation forces p21 in the cytoplasm, where it inhibits Rho-kinases contributing to the suppression of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. Loss of p21 or FoxO3a by RNA interference causes a general inhibition of lovastatin signal transduction. These results suggest that p21 functions as FoxO3a downstream target to mediate an statin-derived anti-hypertrophic response. Taken together, our genetic and biochemical data delineate an essential function of p21 for statin-dependent inhibition of cardiac myocyte hypertrophy.

Key Words: hypertrophy • molecular biology • myocardium • signal transduction • statins

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